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1. 
Which of the following best describes one of the benefits of using an iterative and incremental process of program development?
A.
It allows programmers to implement algorithmic solutions to otherwise unsolvable problems.
B.
It eliminates the need for programmers to test completed programs.
C.
It enables programmers to create programs that use the lowest-level abstractions available.
D.
It helps programmers identify errors as components are added to a working program.
2. 
Answer
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II, and III
3. 
Which of the following best describes the role of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) ?
A.
Developing standards and protocols for Internet communication
B.
Preventing copyrighted materials from being illegally distributed online
C.
Preventing malicious software from being distributed online
D.
Verifying the ownership of encrypted keys used in secured messages
4. 
Which of the following best explains how IP addresses are assigned?
A.
As a new device is connected to the Internet, it is assigned an IP address to enable communication on the network.
B.
IP addresses are assigned only to servers that host Web sites; user devices do not require an IP address.
C.
New devices are connected to the Internet without an IP address, but are eventually assigned an IP address once they can be verified by a certificate authority.
D.
New devices are connected to the Internet without an IP address; IP addresses are assigned only for encrypted communications.
5. 
Which of the following explains a benefit of using open standards and protocols for Internet communication?
A.
Open standards and protocols allow different manufacturers and developers to build hardware and software that can communicate with hardware and software on the rest of the network.
B.
Open standards and protocols provide ways for users to eliminate the latency of messages they send on the Internet.
C.
Open standards and protocols allow users to freely share or reuse material found on the Internet for noncommercial purposes.
D.
Open standards and protocols prevent developers from releasing software that contains errors.
6. 
Answer
A.
I and II only
B.
I and III only
C.
II and III only
D.
I, II, and III
7. 
Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) has been introduced to replace the previous version (IPv4). Which of the following best describes a benefit of IPv6 over IPv4?
A.
IPv6 addresses are shorter than IPv4 addresses, which allows for faster routing of packets.
B.
IPv6 allows for a greater number of addresses than IPv4, which allows more devices to be connected to the Internet.
C.
IPv6 eliminates the use of hierarchy in addressing, making addresses easier to use.
D.
IPv6 allows users to bypass older security protocols so that data can be sent peer-to-peer without the use of routers.
8. 
The transmission control protocol (TCP) and Internet protocol (IP) are used in Internet communication. Which of the following best describes the purpose of these protocols?
A.
To ensure that communications between devices on the Internet are above a minimum transmission speed
B.
To ensure that private data is inaccessible to unauthorized devices on the Internet
C.
To establish a common standard for sending messages between devices on the Internet
D.
To validate the ownership of encryption keys used in Internet communication
9. 
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the World Wide Web and the Internet?
A.
The World Wide Web is a protocol that is accessed using a data stream called the Internet.
B.
The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed using a data stream called the Internet.
C.
The World Wide Web is a system of linked pages, programs, and files that is accessed via a network called the Internet.
D.
The World Wide Web is a Web site that is accessed using a protocol called the Internet.
10. 
A local router is configured to limit the bandwidth of guest users connecting to the Internet. Which of the following best explains the result of this configuration as compared to a configuration in which the router does not limit the bandwidth?
A.
The amount of time it takes guest users to send and receive large files is likely to decrease.
B.
The number of packets required for guest users to send and receive data is likely to decrease.
C.
Guest users will be prevented from having fault-tolerant routing on the Internet.
D.
Guest users will be restricted in the maximum amount of data that they can send and receive per second.
11. 
Which of the following statements about the Internet is true?
A.
The Internet is a computer network that uses proprietary communication protocols.
B.
The Internet is designed to scale to support an increasing number of users.
C.
The Internet requires all communications to use encryption protocols.
D.
The Internet uses a centralized system to determine how packets are routed.
12. 
Which of the following best explains how data is transmitted on the Internet?
A.
Data is broken into packets, which are all sent to the recipient in a specified order along the same path.
B.
Data is broken into packets, which can be sent along different paths.
C.
All data is transmitted in a single packet through a direct connection between the sender and the recipient.
D.
Multiple data files are bundled together in a packet and transmitted together.
13. 
The following figures represent different ways of configuring a network of physically linked computers labeled P, Q, R, and S. A line between two computers indicates that the computers can communicate directly with each other. In which configuration is it NOT possible to have redundant routing between computers P and S?
A.
B.
C.
D.
14. 
Answer
A.
Configuration I only
B.
Configuration II only
C.
Both configuration I and configuration II
D.
Neither configuration I nor configuration II
15. 
Answer
A.
Three
B.
Four
C.
Five
D.
Six
16. 
Answer
A.
theList <- [10, 20, 30, 40]
B.
theList <- [20, 10, 40, 40]
C.
theList <- [30, 40, 20, 10]
D.
theList <- [40, 30, 20, 10]
17. 
Answer
A.
Line 1
B.
Line 4
C.
Line 7
D.
Line 9
18. 
Answer
A.
AnyPairs ("bat", "cat", "rat")
B.
AnyPairs ("bat", "bat", "rat")
C.
AnyPairs ("bat", "cat", "bat")
D.
AnyPairs ("bat", "cat", "cat")