Alaska
Orographic Precipitation
The closer to the equator the warmer
Mongolia
Tornadoes more likely
The lower you go, the thicker the air, and thus, warmer
Keeps temperature more stable
The higher up in the atmosphere, thinner air, cooler air
Longer distance form water
Windward is closer to water and traps all the moisture
Rain Shadow
Kansas
The closer to the poles, the colder
Chile
Siberia
More extreme weather conditions
Sunny California
Leeward side is dry
Costa Rica