Crops (maize, beans, pumpkins, squash) grew most of what was eaten
Grew tobacco to use in ceremonies; built centers of relgious ceremonies; continued practice of burying their dead
Similar to Woodland; stone hoes, copper headdresses
Very little evidence of religion; two bodies found buried with red powder; may suggest belief in afterlife
700 A.D. to 1600 A.D.
1000 B.C. to 1000 A.D.
Semi-permanent shelters, traveled in small groups called bands or clans
Larger villages with more advanced permanent shelters; ceremonial buildings
Large animals such as bison, mammoth, ground sloth and mastodon
Spears, grooved axes, pipes and pottery
Small game such as deer, bear, turkey, rabbit, fish, nuts and berries, some crops (squash and sunflowers)
Elaborate religious ceremonies; built cone-shaped burial mounds for dead; wore jewelry
Little evidence of religion; some body ornaments have been found in some burial pits
No fixed shelter; nomadic; pit houses
Before 10,000 years ago
Small game such as deer, bear, turkey, rabbit, reptiles, fish, berries, nuts and fruit
Spears and Atlatl
Bow and arrow, pottery
8000 B.C. to 1000 B.C.
Small villages bult from wood and clay mixture called wattle and daub; larger groups called tribes
