Captains of Industry
lower-cost production
Advertising
Available workforce due to immigration
Industrialization increased labor needs in urban centers (life)
Oil (Rockefeller)
Access to raw materials and energy
Steel (Carnegie)
National markets created by railroads
Alexander Graham Bell
Electric lighting
Thomas Edison
Mechanization reduced labor needs in rural areas (life)
Inventions
Telephone
Railroads (Vanderbilt)
New access to consumer goods: mail order
Financing
