A science or study about solid earth is called _____________
2.
The layers of earth were determined by monitoring changed in ___________ ____________
3.
The depth of the earth crust is about __________ km
4.
The earth's crust consists of ____________ crust and continental crust
5.
What type of crust that is rich of oxygen, silicon and aluminum?
6.
What type of crust that is rich of iron, calcium, and magnesium?
7.
The boundary between crust and mantle is called the ______________
8.
Earth mantle is about ___________ km thick
9.
Core makes up _____ % of earth's mass
10.
The earth's core is mostly made of _________ and ___________
11.
The uppermost rheological layer of earth is called _______________
12.
Geologic process due to forces that are active internally within earth is called ______________
13.
Pieces of the lithosphere that move around (floats) are called ______________ ______________
14.
Malaysia is on ______________ plate.
15.
What causes the plates movements?
16.
Volcanic belt on an overriding plate is called ___________ ____________
17.
Whn two plates collide, one plate bends and sinks downward into the astenosphere. This process is called _____________
18.
Zone where a plate is being pulled apart is called ___________ __________
19.
___________ plate boundaries create no volcanoes.
20.
The origin of all present continents is called _____________
21.
The continental drift hypothesis was proposed by ____________ ___________
22.
Evidence for sea-floor spreading is _____________ _____________
23.
Three types of correlations in determining geologic time scale: _____________ , _____________ and _____________
24.
Geologic time scale is divided into: __________, ____________, ____________, and ____________
25.
geologic time scale larger than eon is called _________ _________
26.
geologic time scale smaller than epoch is called ______________
27.
Physical processes as we see today are also operated in the past at approximately the same rates. This principle is called __________________
28.
Each layer in sedimentary rock must be younger than the one below. This principle is called _______________
29.
Sediments are deposited on relatively horizontal surfaces. This principle is called _____________
30.
Sediments generally accumulate in continous sheets. This principle is called ______________ ______________
31.
If an igneous intrusion contains fragments of another rock, the fragments must be older than the intrusion. This principle is called _____________
32.
Absolute age is determined using ____________ technology
33.
The original isotope that undergoes the change is called ___________ ___________
34.
The time how long it will take half of a group of isotopes to decay is called ________ ________
35.
The study to determine rock ages based on radiometric is called _______________
36.
A naturally occuring substance, can be represented by a chemical formula, is usually solid and inorganic, and has a crystal structure is called _______________
37.
Organic mineral abundant in Sarawak is called _____________
38.
SEM stands for _____________ Electron _____________
39.
_____________ is one of the properties of mineral which means cannot be broken into simpler components without changing its properties.
40.
_____________ is one of the properties of mineral which means able to maintain a set shape.
41.
A type of crystal bond where atoms are sharing their electrons is called ______________
42.
Minerals that have the same chemical composition but different crystal structure is called _______________
43.
Obsidian is a mineral made from ___________ of a melt.
44.
A crystal with well formed crystal faces is called ____________
45.
A crystal with poorly formed crystal faces is called ____________
46.
_________ is the color of the pulverized powder of a mineral done by scraping the mineral against a porcelain plate.
47.
The way a mineral's surface scatters light is called ____________
48.
The measure of mineral's hardness is called _______
49.
Moh's hardness scale for diamond is ________
50.
______________ ____________ is a description of a mineral's consistent shape.
51.
The tendency of a mineral to break along a plane of weakness in the crystal lattice is called _____________
52.
__________ (Fe2O3) can have various colors but its streak is always red-brown.
53.
The tendency for a mineral to break along irregular scoop-shaped fractures that are not related to weaknesses in the crystal structure is called _____________ _____________
54.
_________ is a mineral that has a salty taste.
55.
Rock-forming minerals that dominate the earth's crust is ____________
56.
There are two mineral groups: ____________ and ______________
57.
Feldspar falls within ____________ group
58.
Quartz falls within _________ group
59.
Clay mineral falls within __________ group
60.
Silicates group are classified into __________ and __________ colors
61.
Calcite falls within ______________ group
62.
gypsum falls within ___________ group
63.
Diamonds are contained in rocks called ________________
64.
Kimberlite rocks can be found in ___________ __________
65.
Interrelationships between three types of rocks is called _________ __________
66.
Three major groups of rocks: _______________, ______________, and _______________
67.
A substance that can easily change into a gas at relatively low temperature is called _____________
68.
Igneous rocks can be classified into: ____________ and _____________
69.
The sequence how minerals crystalize as magma cools is called __________ ____________ _____________
70.
Two trends in Bowen's reaction: Continuous and _______________
71.
The process by which sediments become compacted and cemented together into a sedimentary rock is called ________________
72.
____________ mobilizes particles by weathering, most commonly by rainfall and gravity
73.
Sedimentary rock is classified into __________ and _____________
74.
__________ is the name of sediment as a result from gravity falls or landslides
75.
The name of the rock at figure (b) is _______________
76.
Metamorphic rocks are transformed from sedimentary rocks by __________ and ___________
77.
Marble falls within ____________ rock
78.
Schist falls within ____________ rock
79.
Gneiss falls within _________ rock
80.
Metamorphic rock can be classified into _____________ and _____________
81.
The repetition of planar surfaces or layers in a metamorphic rock is called ________________
82.
_________ ___________ forms perpendicular to the compression direction in metamorphic rock.
83.
Amphibolite has foliation? (yes or no)
84.
Five categories of surface processes: ____________, _______________, ________________, _______________, and _______________ ________________
85.
______________ is defined as physical/mechanical and chemical breakdown of rocks at or near the surface
86.
Fracturing as fissure water or porewater freezes and expands is called ______________ ______________
87.
Red soil, high iron and aluminum, low silica, formed in tropics is called ____________
88.
Agents of weathering: _____________ and _____________
89.
A process of breaking down silicates to form clay by water is called _____________
90.
Rainwater and soil water dissolve ____________ therefore creates fissures and caves
91.
Erosion is also called _______________
92.
Mass wasting is also called ____________ _____________
93.
Transfer of material down slope by gravity and erosion is called _________ ______________
94.
Three types of unconsolidated cover: ___________ soil, _____________ soil, and _________ cover
95.
_______________ soil is derived from in-situ weathering of the rocks.
96.
A vertical cross section from the surface down to the parent material is called ________ ____________
97.
Partially altered parent material in a soil profile is denoted by a letter ___
98.
______________ is a type of transported soil by water as an agent.
99.
___________ cover is derived from plant materials
100.
Drainage per area of landform is called ____________ _______________
