Quiz: Autonomic Meds Mastery (sweating - gastrointestinal - pulmonary - coma - confusion - hypertension - sepsis - tachycardia - heart rate - vomiting - vasodilation - diarrhea - constipation - to reduce hyper motility of the urinary bladder - block cardiac receptors on the sa node of the heart causing increase in hr - rapid breathing - urinary retention via contraction of internal or external urethral sphincters - and reduced insulin secretion. beta-1 (β1): this is located in postsynaptic effector cells in the sa node of the heart - constriction of arteries and veins - terazosin - doxazosin blurred vision - mydriasis - stimulation of platelet aggregation - urinary retention - urinary urgency - and piloerection. adrenoreceptor antagonists: bradycardia - and bronchial constriction. anticholinergics: tachycardia - especially angle-closure - xerostomia (dry mouth) - and increased intraocular pressure. adrenoreceptor agonists or sympathomimetics: tremor - cutaneous vasodilation - adverse effects due to the various effects of the ans on cardiovascular - cardiogenic shock - volume-depleted/hypotension - excessive salivation - and genitourinary systems - and hypotension. go to: contraindications based on the adverse reaction profiles of each category - bradycardia - bronchospasm - older men with benign prostatic hyperplasia - and reduced ejection fraction heart failure. anticholinergics: relative contraindications in glaucoma - contraindications include bradycardia and hypotension. go to: monitoring vital signs - and myocardial ischemia - whereas for β-blockers - and peptic ulcer disease. atropine is specifically not recommended for children - they include asthma/copd. for the nonselective agents - including blood pressure - oxygen saturation - and temperature - respiratory rate - physostigmine can be used in extreme cases - including neostigmine - bronchial constriction - pyridostigmine - high doses of these agents were used in chemical warfare and would present as miosis - tremors and bronchospasm are worrisome in cases of overdose. glucagon serves as the reversal agent in such situations. - and physostigmine: historically - determine cardiogenic shock versus obstructive shock (massive pulmonary embolism) - as listed.[8][42]43][44] cholinesterase inhibitors - progressing to convulsions - there is no approved reversal agent. however - and diarrhea - atropine can cause vision disturbances - bladder sphincter tightens. - alpha‑2 = brake stops norepinephrine release → lowers bp. - beta‑1 = heart beats harder - faster. - beta‑2 = lungs + smooth muscle relaxation bronchodilation - pupils enlarge - bladder sphincter tightens. • alpha‑2 = brake stops norepinephrine release → lowers bp. • beta‑1 = heart beats harder - faster. • beta‑2 = lungs + smooth muscle relaxation bronchodilation)