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1. 
Enlightenment philosophers believed they could understand why governments exist if they could imagine a:
A.
state of emergency
B.
state of nature
C.
contractual state
D.
state of enlightenment
2. 
What was the name of Locke's theory describing the relationship between people and their government?
A.
the Contract for America
B.
the social contract
C.
the contractual state
D.
the state of nature
3. 
Rousseau believed people should sacrifice some of their individual needs for the:
A.
common good
B.
benefit of the church
C.
Eightfold Path
D.
middle years of their lives
4. 
Montesquieu believed a separation of powers in government would help to create
A.
an obedient and loyal populace
B.
a fair economic policy
C.
a meritocracy
D.
checks and balances
5. 
Free speech and separation of church and state were championed by:
A.
Hobbes
B.
Louis XIV
C.
Voltaire
D.
Pascal
6. 
Why did philosophers want to know what it would be like to live in a state of nature?
A.
They wanted to abandon technology for a simpler life.
B.
They were being heavily influenced by Daoist and Buddhist philosophies.
C.
They were concerned that many limited natural resources were already beginning to grow scarce.
D.
They wanted to know why they needed governments, and what governments were supposed to do.
7. 
How did Locke define the social contract?
A.
An agreement between people and their government that says the people should obey the government no matter what.
B.
An agreement between people and their government which describes their responsibilities to each other.
C.
A legally binding document signed by people and corporations.
D.
An economic system that promises fairness and equality.
8. 
Who believed that people should sacrifice some individual rights for the “common good”?
A.
Locke.
B.
Montesquieu.
C.
Rousseau.
D.
Hobbes.
9. 
How did Montesquieu plan to limit government’s power?
A.
Create one branch of government.
B.
Have more than one absolute ruler.
C.
Let the president control the courts.
D.
Divide the government using separation of powers.
10. 
Which Enlightenment ideas were proposed by Voltaire during the Enlightenment?
A.
Free speech and separation of church and state.
B.
A limited judicial branch and an absolute ruler.
C.
Free bread and housing for citizens.
D.
Democracy in the ancient Greek style.