Ordinal Data
Dependent Variable
Bell Shaped Curve
Type 1 Error
Type 2 Error
Interval Data
Independent Variable
Ratio Data
Nominal Data
Types of Univariate Research
Correlational Research
number used to convey rank. Examples: winner of race; top-40; class ranks.
variable that changes as a result of manipulation
number is used to label or identify. Examples: jersey number; male/female; social security number
1. Characterize the study sample 2. Characterize a problem or phenomenon 3. Document incidence/prevalence 4. Establish norms 5. Document developmental phenomena 6. Document case studies
Equal intervals between data in a set. Examples: temperature; GRE scores; IQ scores.
constant intervals with an absolute zero. Examples: height; weight; Kelvin scale.
When you say the null hypothesis is false when it is actually true. “False Alarm!”
variable being manipulated by the experimenter
Failing to reject the null hypothesis when, in fact, it is false. A “missed opportunity”
Aims to demonstrate/measure relationships (not experimental)
