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1. How many lobes does the left lung have?
A
1
B
2
C
3
2. Which of the following has the largest diameter?
A
Lobar bronchus
B
Respiratory bronchiole
C
Terminal bronchiole
3. Which cell type secretes surfactant?
A
Alveolar capillary endothelial cell
B
Type I alveolar cell
C
Type II alveolar cell
4. Which of the following is not part of the conducting zone?
A
Alveolar ducts
B
Trachea
C
Larynx
5. Which lung volumes make up the functional residual capacity?
A
Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume
B
Tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume
C
Inspiratory reserve volume + residual volume
6. Which is the best description of vital capacity?
A
Amount of air remaining in the lungs after forced expiration
B
Max. amount of air that can be expired after max. inspiratory effort
C
Max. amount of air that can be inspired after a normal tidal volume expiration
7. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are examples of which type of lung disease?
A
Restrictive
B
Interstitial
C
Obstructive
8. Which of the following best describes intrapulmonary pressure?
A
Pressure within the lungs
B
Pressure in the pleural cavity
C
Pressure in the conducting zone
9. Which process would recruit the internal intercostal muscles?
A
Forceful inspiration
B
Inspiration at rest
C
Forceful expiration
10. In which of the following environments would oxygen dissociation from hemoglobin be favoured?
A
Low carbon dioxide partial pressure
B
Low pH
C
High pH
11. Where are central chemoreceptors located?
A
Carotid bodies and aortic arch
B
Pons
C
Ventrolateral medulla oblongata
12. How is the majority of carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
A
Dissolved in plasma
B
Carbaminohemoglobin
C
Bicarbonate ions in plasma
13. Which of the following is detected by peripheral chemoreceptors, but not central chemoreceptors.
A
Increased arterial carbon dioxide
B
Decreased arterial oxygen
C
Decreased arterial pH
14. The movement of which ion counterbalances the rapid outrush of bicarbonate ions in red blood cells?
A
Bromide anions
B
Fluoride anions
C
Chloride anions
15. Which of the following is not a form of molecular oxygen transport in blood?
A
Bound to hydrogen ions
B
Bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells
C
Dissolved in plasma
16. Carbonic anhydrase catalyses which reaction?
A
Carbonic acid --> hydrogen ion + bicarbonate ion
B
Carbon dioxide + water --> carbonic acid
C
Carbon dioxide + hemoglobin --> carbaminohemoglobin
17. Which is always a relative negative value?
A
Intrapulmonary pressure
B
Transpulmonary pressure
C
Intrapleural pressure
18. Placing a stethoscope over the anterior neck will allow auscultation of which respiratory sound?
A
Bronchial
B
Bronchovesicular
C
Vesicular
19. Decreased lung compliance is a feature of...?
A
Obstructive lung conditions
B
Restrictive lung conditions
C
Decreased lung compliance would improve breathing
20. The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture. Which law is this?
A
Boyle's law
B
Henry's law
C
Dalton's law