____________ contains the cardiac, respiratory, vomiting and vasomotor centers and deals with autonomic, involuntary functions, such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure.
A.
Pons
B.
Medulla oblongata
C.
Pituitary gland
D.
Cerebellum
2.
The ________________ (Latin for little brain) is a region of the brain that plays an important role in motor control
A.
Medulla oblongata
B.
Pituitary gland
C.
Cerebellum
D.
Pons
3.
__________ refers to confluence of sinuses.
A.
Superior sagittal sinus
B.
Inferior petrosal sinus
C.
Sphenoparietal sinuses
D.
Occipital sinus
4.
______________ refers to cavernous sinuses.
A.
Inferior sagittal sinus
B.
Ethmoid sinuses
C.
Sphenoparietal sinuses
D.
Sigmoid sinuses
5.
Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricles makes the CSF (ependymal cells).
A.
True
B.
False
6.
reflexes from vision and hearing to turn the head travel along the:
A.
Olivospinal tract
B.
Olivospinal tract
C.
Tectospinal tract
7.
Which of the following is responsible for pain and temperature and is the 1st Synapse for all sensory except for reflexes and pain (V)?
A.
Incoming dorsal roots
B.
Basal spinal nucleus
C.
Substantia gelatinosa
D.
spinotectal
8.
CN III (Occulomotor) controls pupillary constriction.
A.
True
B.
False
9.
Which of the following is the area of most acute vision found in the center of the macula?
A.
Superior colliculi
B.
Fovea centralis
C.
Inferior colluculi
D.
Ganglion cells
10.
Reflex of the eyes with neck movement is controlled by which of the following?
A.
Superior colliculi
B.
Anterior cardiac
C.
Posterior tibial
D.
Ganglion cells
11.
Which of the following is responsible for linear acceleration?
A.
Utricle
B.
Macula
C.
Semicircular canals
12.
Posterior ethmoid air cells open here.
A.
Middle nasal meatus
B.
Superior nasal meatus
C.
Inferior nasal meatus
13.
The nasolacrimal duct drains here.
A.
Middle nasal meatus
B.
Superior nasal meatus
C.
Inferior nasal meatus
14.
The _______ thoracic vertebra has only a demifacet superiorly.
A.
9th
B.
10th
C.
12th
D.
8th
15.
____vertebra have a kidney shaped body
A.
cervical
B.
thoracic
C.
lumbar
16.
in the ______ region, the spinal canal is triangular in shape
A.
cervical
B.
thoracic
C.
lumbar
D.
sacral
17.
The posterior aspect of the IVF is bordered by the________
A.
anterior aspect of the zygapophyseal joint
B.
the posterior aspect of the zygapophyseal joint
C.
the disc
D.
the superior vertebral notch
18.
The anterior boundary of the IVF is formed by the:
A.
posterolateral aspect of vertebrae and the disc
B.
the anterolateral aspect of the vertebrae and the disc
C.
the zygapophyseal joints and the capsule
D.
the superior notch
19.
which of the following are not contents of the IVF
A.
Fat
B.
transforaminal ligament
C.
lymph nodes
D.
sinuvertebral nerves
20.
the vertebral disc is nourished by:
A.
diffusion from adjacent vertebra
B.
a rich arterial supply
C.
interstitial fluid of surrounding tissue
D.
the lymphatic system
21.
The outer ____ of the disc is innervated by _______
A.
surface, recurrent meningeal nerve
B.
1/3, recurrent meningeal nerve
C.
1/3, directly by spinal nerves
D.
1/2 , sinuvertebral nerve
22.
the apical ligament limits:
A.
flexion and extension
B.
lateral flexion
C.
rotation
D.
axial traction
23.
the intertransverse ligament limits:
A.
flexion
B.
lateral flexion
C.
extension
D.
circumduction
24.
The alar ligament limits what motion?
A.
Flexion
B.
Extension
C.
Rotation
D.
Lateral Flexion
25.
backward movement of the base of the sacrum while breathing is refered to as:
A.
nutation
B.
counter-nutation
26.
Trapezius is innervated by _____________
A.
spinal accessory
B.
thoracodorsal
C.
dorsal scapular
D.
long thoracic
27.
The levator scapulae originate_______________
A.
TPs of C1-4
B.
TPs of C3-6
C.
Body of C2-4
D.
Body of C2-6
28.
Rhomboideus Major orginates on::::::: and inserts:::::::::::
A.
spinous processes of T2-5, superomedial border of scapulae
B.
spinous processes of T1-3, superomedial border of scapulae
C.
spinous processes of T2-5, infromedial border of scapulae
D.
spinous processes of T2-5, spine of scapulae only
29.
Which is not supplied by the dorsal scapular artery?
A.
Latissimus Dorsi
B.
Levator Scapula
C.
Rhomboid major
D.
Rhomboid minor
30.
originates on the thoracolumbar fascia, and on the spines of vertebrae T11,12, L1, L2
A.
serratus posterior inferior
B.
serratus posterior superior
C.
illiocostalis
D.
intercostal
31.
Both serratus muscles are innervated by branches of the _____ rami of spinal nerves
A.
dorsal
B.
ventral
32.
iliocostalis originates on ___________ and _____ and inserts on ___________
A.
illiac crest, sacrum, angles of ribs
B.
illiac crest, head of femur, angles of ribs
C.
sacrum, ischium, and angles of ribs
D.
sacrum, apeneurosis and angles of ribs
33.
The dorsal horn of the cord relays ______ signals
A.
sensory
B.
motor
C.
sympathetic
D.
parasympathetic
34.
The ventral horn of the cord relays ______ signals.
A.
motor
B.
sensory
C.
sympathetic
D.
parasympathetic
35.
The lateral horn of the cord relays ______ information.
A.
sensory
B.
motor
C.
sympathetic
D.
parasympathetic
36.
The horns of the spinal cord are comprised of:
A.
white mater
B.
grey mater
37.
The mylenated, white fibers present in the cord are organized into :
A.
tracts
B.
horns
C.
rexed laminae
D.
nuclei
38.
Which is not an input carried by fasciculus gracillis and/or cuneatus
A.
proprioception
B.
fine touch
C.
pain
D.
pressure
39.
Proprioception and pressure from the superior half of the body would be carried by ____________ and from the inferior half of the body would be carried by____________
A.
cuneatus, gracillis
B.
gracillis, cuneatus
C.
anterior spinothalamic, lateral spinothalamic
D.
lateral spinothalamic, anterior spinothalamic
40.
spinocerebellar tracts are concerned primarily with the transmission of ____________ information.
A.
proprioception
B.
pain
C.
pressure
D.
crude touch
41.
Voluntary contol of limbs is accomplished via signals travelling through the
A.
lateral corticospinal
B.
ventral corticospinal
C.
tectospinal
D.
rubrospinal
42.
This tract modulates voluntary motion by restricting movement via gamma motor neurons
A.
reticulospinal
B.
tectospinal
C.
raphespinal
D.
ventral corticospinal
43.
This tract utilizes serotonin to help control pain
A.
Raphespinal
B.
Rubrospinal
C.
vestibulospinal
D.
tectospinal
44.
Select all tracts that do not decussate
A.
Vestibulospinal
B.
Raphespinal
C.
Ventral corticospinal
D.
tectospinal
45.
Interacts with the red nucleus
A.
rubrospinal
B.
tectospinal
C.
vestibulospinal
D.
reticulospinal
46.
Laminae 1 through 4 comprise the _______ and acre concerned with ________
A.
dorsal horn, sensory relay
B.
ventral horn, sensory relay
C.
dorsal horn, motor relay
D.
ventral horn, motor relay
47.
Lamina that comprise the ventral horn are____ and they are concerned with ______
A.
ventral horn, motor relay
B.
dorsal horn, motor relay
C.
ventral horn, sensory relay
D.
dorsal horn, sensory relay
48.
Branches of the ______ artery give rise to radicular arteries and segmental meduallary arteries which supply the cord
