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1. 
A virus consists of:
A.
RNA or DNA and a cell membrane
B.
RNA or DNA and a protein coat
C.
RNA and DNA and a protein coat
D.
Proteins, cell membrane, and RNA
2. 
How do viruses reproduce?
A.
they divide by mitosis
B.
sexually, by external fertilization
C.
replication outside a host
D.
inserting genetic material into a host cell
3. 
Which of the following is the smallest?
A.
Fungal cell
B.
bacteria
C.
bacteriophage
D.
skin cell
4. 
Retroviruses are different from other viruses because they:
A.
have RNA instead of DNA
B.
always become dormant in a host
C.
are symmetrical
D.
all of these choices
5. 
Vaccines can be used to prevent viral infection by:
A.
creating an immune response in the host
B.
destroying any virus that enters a host
C.
creating a blocking protein in the host
D.
preventing replication of the virus
6. 
Antiviral drugs that are used after infection often prevent:
A.
cell division
B.
immune system degradation
C.
reinfection by other viruses
D.
uptake of the virus
7. 
Why do some viruses seem to go away and then return later?
A.
host has been infected with a different strain
B.
the immune system forgot about the virus
C.
the virus entered the lysogenic phase
D.
the virus mutated
8. 
Why is it to develop vaccines for retroviruses?
A.
their small size evades the immune system
B.
RNA mutates more frequently than DNA
C.
the capsid of retroviruses is resistant
D.
vaccines can only target blood-borne pathogens
9. 
Viruses are often named by:
A.
where they were first discovered
B.
the scientist who discovered it
C.
the animal that carries it
D.
all of these choices are correct
10. 
What happens after the virus has been taken up by a cell?
A.
it begins making carbohydrates
B.
it divides by mitosis
C.
it inserts is genetic material into the cell
D.
it switches to infectious mode.
11. 
Viral infections that are able to hide from the host's immune system:
A.
latent
B.
sensitive
C.
virulent
D.
sneaky
12. 
Viruses that can cause cancer:
A.
nanoviruses
B.
oncoviruses
C.
bacteriophages
D.
zoonotic viruses
13. 
A virus that invades a bacteria:
A.
bacterivirus
B.
bacteria invader
C.
adenovirus
D.
bacteriophage
14. 
Viruses are usually measured in:
A.
nanometers
B.
millimeters
C.
centimeters
D.
micrometers
15. 
Viral infections are treated with:
A.
antibacterial
B.
antibiotics
C.
antifungals
D.
antivirals
16. 
viruses can infect:
A.
human cells
B.
bacteria
C.
plant cells
D.
all of the choices are correct
17. 
The protein coat of a virus is made of proteins called:
A.
lipoproteins
B.
capsomeres
C.
capsid coat
D.
protomeres
18. 
Viruses that always lead to the destruction of the host cell:
A.
temperate bacteriophages
B.
virulent bacterioviruses
C.
virulent bacteriophages
D.
destructive bacteriophages
19. 
Short, naked fragments of RNA that can infect plant cells:
A.
prions
B.
virions
C.
viroids
D.
plant viruses
20. 
Small infectious proteins that can cause disease:
A.
prions
B.
virions
C.
viroids
D.
tremonts
21. 
Viruses can be classified by:
A.
genetic material type
B.
host type infected
C.
whether it has an envelope of not
D.
all of these choices are correct
22. 
which is common to both bacteria and viruses?
A.
contain genetic material
B.
killed by antibiotics
C.
have a cell membrane
D.
have a protein coat of capsomeres
23. 
Which is true about viruses?
A.
they eat and metabolize food
B.
they reproduce by binary fission
C.
they reproduce using a host cell
D.
they are alive
24. 
A vaccine triggers the body to produce;
A.
antibiotics
B.
antigens
C.
mitochondria
D.
antibodies
25. 
When a virus attaches to the host, what does it inject into the cell?
A.
protein coat
B.
genetic material
C.
the capsid
D.
the envelope
26. 
what is the outside of a virus made of?
A.
lipids
B.
carbohydrates
C.
proteins
D.
glycerol
27. 
Why do scientists say viruses are not living?
A.
they can't reproduce without a host
B.
they can't metabolize food for energy
C.
they're not made of cells
D.
all of the choices are correct.
28. 
What does the lytic cycle result in?
A.
destruction of the infected cell
B.
many new hosts cells
C.
the infected cell lives longer
D.
the host cell mutates