Sex- and age-related demographics
Complications of mitral stenosis include the following:
Morbidity/mortality
United States data
International data
The prevalence of rheumatic disease in developed nations is steadily declining with an estimated incidence of 1 in 100,000.
Two thirds of all patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis are female. The onset of symptoms usually occurs between the third and fourth decade of life.
The prevalence of rheumatic disease is higher in developing nations than in the United States. In India, for example, the prevalence is approximately 100-150 cases per 100,000, and in Africa the prevalence is 35 cases per 100,000. However, rheumatic fever has been decreasing in industrialized countries
1) Atrial fibrillation 2) Systemic embolism due to left atrial thrombus formation mostly secondary to atrial fibrillation: 20% of patients with mitral stenosis and systemic embolism are in sinus rhythm. 3) Infective endocarditis: Estimated risk of endocarditis in a patient with mitral stenosis is 0.17 per 1000 patient-years.
Mitral stenosis is a progressive disease consisting of a slow, stable course in the early years followed by an accelerated course later in life. Typically, there is a latent period of 20-40 years from the occurrence of rheumatic fever to the onset of symptoms.
