Sleep stages are recorded via an electroencephalogram, electro-oculogram, and chin electromyogram
Pulmonary function tests are not indicated to make a diagnosis of, or treatment plan for, OSA alone.
Heart rhythm is monitored with a single-lead electrocardiogram
The breathing pattern is analyzed for the presence of apneas and hypopneas (as per definitions standardized by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine)
Routine laboratory tests, however, are usually not helpful in OSA unless a specific indication is present.
Obtain a thyrotropin test on any patient with possible OSA who has other signs or symptoms of hypothyroidism, particularly in elderly individuals.
An overnight sleep study, or polysomnography, is required to diagnose OSA.
The standard indications for such testing apply to all patients, with or without OSA.
Leg movements are recorded via an anterior tibialis electromyogram
Breathing is monitored, including airflow at the nose and mouth (using both a thermal sensor and a nasal pressure transducer), effort (using inductance plethysmography), and oxygen saturation
