Palpitations
Decreased exercise tolerance
Exertional dyspnea that resolves with pain or rest
Diaphoresis
Myocardial infarction: Rupture of the papillary muscle, left ventricular free wall, and ventricular septum
Ischemia: Pulmonary edema
Diaphoresis from sympathetic discharge
Hypertension: May precipitate angina or reflect elevated catecholamine levels due to anxiety or to exogenous sympathomimetic stimulation
Pain, which is usually described as pressure, squeezing, or a burning sensation across the precordium and may radiate to the neck, shoulder, jaw, back, upper abdomen, or either arm
Nausea from vagal stimulation
Hypotension: Indicates ventricular dysfunction due to myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction (MI), or acute valvular dysfunction
Pulmonary edema and other signs of left heart failure
Extracardiac vascular disease
Jugular venous distention
