Abnormal semen analysis results
The male partner has abnormal semen parameters
The female partner has normal fertility or a potentially treatable cause of infertility, and time to conception is not a concern
Infertility duration of ≥2 years
Pain related to the varicocele
Otherwise unexplained infertility in the couple.
The couple has known infertility
Oligospermia
Varicocele treatment is recommended for adolescents with progressive failure of testicular development documented by serial clinical examination.
A desire for future fertility
The varicocele is palpable on physical examination of the scrotum
Clinical varicocele
