Brainstem
Located in the posterior part of the cranium and has 2 hemispheres. Controls muscle coordination, maintains balance and equilibrium, and fine tunes movements at the conscious and subconscious levels.
Diencephalon
Brain
Control center of the nervous system and along with the spinal cord, forms the the Central Nervous System (CNS). Occupies cranial cavity and can be divided into 4 main parts (brain stem, cerebellum, diencephalon, and cerebrum). Covered by layers of fascia knows as meninges and contains cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid. Contains gray and white matter.
Cerebellum
Basal nuclei are 3 masses of cerebral gray matter embedded in the white matter surrounding the thalamus. Include the caudate, putamen, globus, pallidus
Basal Ganglia
contains the neuronal cell bodies and is found in the surface of the the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres, as well as in several deep nuclei (ganglia)
Motor and Sensory Homunculi
White Matter
Gray Matter
Cerebrum
Largest part of the brain and divided into left and right hemispheres by longitudinal fissure that runs along the median sagittal plane. Outer layer is compose of gray matter and is called cerebral cortex. Responsible for the analysis of sensory input, memory, learning, and cognitive thought. Each Hemisphere is divided into lobes, and the names correlate with the bones that protect them.
Consists of medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain. Fibers connect the peripheral and central nervous system (CNS). Contains nuclei from which most cranial nerves originate, and vital centers that regulate breathing, digestion, heart rate, blood pressure, and consciousness
Main area of the brain involved with emotion and learning. Influences the formation of memory by integrating emotional states with stored memories of physical sensations. Involved with linking smell and memory. Exerts influence on the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems producing negative and positive emotional responses.
Formed by myelinated neuronal axons and forms most of the brain, connecting it to the spinal cord and cranial nerves
lies between the brain stem and the cerebrum. Surrounds the 3rd ventricle and is formed by the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus.
Limbic System
Disproportionate maps of the body used to demonstrate the relative portion of cerebral cortex dedicated to each area of the body. Each strip cortex is arranged topographically (different areas deal with different pieces of information)
