Neurological Module

What is the term for "continues from the brainstem, exiting from the base of the skull and extending to coccyx"?

_______ is the network of interconnecting neurons that control & integrate the body’s activities

______ control movement in and above the neck

________ at the level of the shoulder and diaphragm for breathing independently

_______ at the level of the fingers and hand grasp to perform self-care and transfers with arms

_______ provide trunk stability for balance when sitting

_______ for the thoracic muscles and upper back for respiratory and transfer strength

______ at the level of legs and pelvis

______ the hamstrings and angles

PERRLA stands for ________________

_______ is unsteady, wavering movement with inability to touch target

_______ is the lack of coordination during rapid, alternating movements

a patient has ______ when - one side of body is normal - other side is flexed from spasticity - elbow, wrist, and fingers are flexed - arm is close to side - affected leg is extended with plantar flexion of foot - when ambulating, food is dragged, scraping the toe, or circled stiffly outward and forward

a patient has ______ when - Moves the trunk to accommodate for the leg movements - Legs are extended and knees are flexed - Leg cross over each other at each step, similar to walking in water

a patient has ________ when - Peroneal or anterior tibial nerve injury, ­paralysis of dorsiflexor muscles - lower motor neuron damage - damage to ­spinal nerve roots L5 and S1 - Patient lifts the advancing leg high so that the toes may clear the ground - He or she places the sole of the foot on the floor at one time, instead of placing the heel first - may be unilateral or bilateral

a patient has ______ when - Stooped posture - head and neck forward and hips and knees flexed - Arms are also flexed and held at waist - difficulty in initiating gait, often rocking to start - Once in motion, steps are quick and shuffling - Has difficulty stopping once started

a patient has ______ when - Wide-based gait. - Staggers and lurches from side to side - Cannot perform Romberg because of swaying of the trunk

a patient has ______ when - Wide-based gait - Feet are loosely thrown forward, landing first on the heels and then on the toes - Patient watches the ground to help guide the feet - Positive Romberg sign from loss of position sense

- LOC assessment using the GCS - Pupillary assessment - Brainstem assessment (gaze, facial symmetry, corneal reflex, gag reflex, cough, oculocephalic reflex (doll's eye maneuver) - motor function: observe for hemiparesis/hemiplegia are components of an assessment of an ___________ patient

- impaired verbal communication - acute confusion - impaired memory - unilateral neglect - risk for aspiration - ineffective brain tissue perfusion are examples of _______ ________