Rhyme
Irony
Imagery
Onomatopoeia
Alliteration
Syntax
Figurative language
Simile
Tone
Theme
Metaphor
Genre
Narrator
Personification
Anthropomorphism
Assonance
Rhythm
Symbol
Saying the opposite of what is meant. Sarcasm is a form of this.
The overall idea or concept of a piece of work e.g. the theme of Othello is jealousy.
Using language to paint a picture.
The person relating the story – can be outside the story or a character.
A comparison that doesn’t use the words “like” or “as”. Example: she was a tornado of energy
Rhyming vowel sounds in a phrase, line or sentence e.g. “Now I'm in the limelight 'cause I rhyme tight” (Notorious B.I.G, Juicy)
Words that sound like sounds: bang! splosh! whoosh! trickle
A comparison that uses the words “like” or “as” e.g. he was like an eager puppy
A simple image which stands for something else e.g. a cross = Christianity, sunset = dying, a dog = faithfulness
It only seems as if animals or objects are doing something human e.g. “The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window panes” (T. S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock).
The type of text e.g. horror, romance, epic poem, elegy
Animals or objects actually doing something human e.g. speaking, wearing clothes, going shopping.
Words with the same sound at the end of the word e.g. moon, June, tune
Matching initial consonant sounds e.g. “Full fathom five thy father lies” (Shakespeare, The Tempest)
The overall feeling, attitude or mood of a text.
Language that uses figures of speech such as similes and metaphors.
Sentence structure – word order and grammar e.g. “When 900 years old you reach, look as good, you will not” (Yoda, Star Wars)
The beat – the natural rise and fall on stressed and unstressed syllables.
