Virtually everyone develops fluence
Not everyone develops fluency
Little focus on errors
A lot of error correction
No direct instruction needed
Affective factors are generally not involved
Language learning is directly related to needs and interests
Language is learned in different environments and contexts
Learner’s feelings and insecurities are important to the process
Direct instruction considered helpful
Language may be learned for many reasons, including employment and travel
Language learning is often limited to certain structured environments