Diabetes medicationsOnline version Names, mechanisms/sites of action, and adverse effects by Kevin Su 1 Metformin 2 TZDs 3 Sulfonylureas + Meglitinides 4 GLP-1 agonists and DPP4 inhibitors 5 SGLT-2 inhibitors 6 Insulin 7 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors AMPK Lactic acidosis First line for Type II DM -glitazone suffix Activate PPAR-y Edema/CHF ATP dependent K+ channel Life-threatening hypoglycemia Decrease glucagon Delayed gastric emptying -tide and -gliptin suffixes -glifozin suffix Proximal tubule UTIs Rapid, intermediate, and long-acting formulations Subcutaneous or IV administration GI bacteria Brush border