The
hormones
produced
by
the
hypothalamus
that
control
the
anterior
pituitary
travel
in
a
unique
circulatory
pathway
.
These
hormones
enter
the
hypothalamic
capillaries
,
which
empty
into
hypothalamic
____________________
.
Instead
of
returning
to
the
heart
as
other
veins
do
,
the
hypothalamic
veins
empty
directly
into
pituitary
____________________
.
This
type
of
pathway
is
called
a
____________________
____________________
,
and
it
allows
hypothalamic
hormones
to
be
delivered
directly
to
the
pituitary
gland
found
below
it
,
without
ever
having
to
enter
the
general
circulation
.
Four
of
the
hormones
produced
by
the
anterior
pituitary
have
an
effect
on
other
glands
.
Thyroid
-
stimulating
hormone
stimulates
the
thyroid
to
produce
the
____________________
hormones
,
and
____________________
hormone
stimulates
the
adrenal
cortex
to
produce
its
hormones
.
There
are
actually
two
gonadotropic
hormones
or
gonadotropins
,
which
work
on
the
____________________
.
Follicle
-
stimulating
hormone
and
____________________
hormone
stimulate
the
production
of
gametes
and
sex
hormones
in
the
male
testes
and
the
female
____________________
.
The
hypothalamus
,
the
anterior
pituitary
,
and
other
glands
controlled
by
the
anterior
pituitary
are
all
involved
in
self
-
regulating
____________________
feedback
mechanisms
that
maintain
stable
conditions
.
In
each
instance
,
the
blood
level
of
the
last
hormone
in
the
sequence
exerts
negative
feedback
control
over
the
secretion
of
the
first
two
hormones
.
Other
hormones
produced
by
the
anterior
pituitary
do
not
affect
other
endocrine
glands
.
In
women
,
____________________
is
produced
beginning
at
about
the
fifth
month
of
pregnancy
and
is
produced
in
quantity
after
childbirth
.
It
causes
the
mammary
glands
in
the
breasts
to
develop
and
produce
____________________
.
It
also
plays
a
role
in
carbohydrate
and
fat
metabolism
.
____________________
hormone
stimulates
protein
synthesis
within
cartilage
,
bone
,
and
muscle
.
It
stimulates
the
rate
at
which
amino
acids
enter
cells
and
protein
synthesis
occurs
.
It
also
promotes
the
breakdown
of
fat
,
called
____________________
____________________
,
so
that
body
cells
can
utilize
fat
instead
of
glucose
for
energy
.
In
addition
,
GH
produced
by
the
anterior
pituitary
affects
our
height
,
because
GH
directly
stimulates
the
osteoblast
cells
in
the
growth
plates
of
long
bones
.
The
quantity
of
GH
produced
is
greatest
during
____________________
and
adolescence
,
when
most
body
growth
is
occurring
.
