Matching Pairs urinary system diseaseOnline version urinary system disease by Jorge Arizpe 1 When kidneys fail, there are three treatment choices: 2 Define Renal dialysis 3 What is peritoneal dialysis? 4 Define Kidney transplantation 5 Different types of dialysis 6 What is hemodialysis? 1.Hemodialysis 2 Peritoneal dialysis and 3 Kidney transplantation. there are two types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. A kidney transplant is an operation in which a person with kidney failure receives a new kidney. The new kidney takes over the work of cleaning the blood. In hemodialysis, an artificial kidney (hemodialyzer) is used to remove waste and extra chemicals and fluid from your blood. In this type of dialysis, your blood is cleaned inside your body. The doctor will do surgery to place a plastic tube called a catheter into your abdomen (belly) to make an access. is a process of diffusing blood across a semipermeable membrane to remove substances that a normal kidney would eliminate, including poisons, drugs, urea, uric acid, and creatinine.