Matching Pairs Social Work Research Online version Group Design 1 by Jennifer Colin 1 Cross-sectional survey design 2 Cohort study 3 History 4 Trend study 5 Independent variable 6 Mortality 7 Classical experimental design 8 Knowledge level continuum 9 Testing effects 10 Comparison group 11 Control group 12 Instrumentation error The range of knowledge levels, from exploratory to descriptive to explanatory, at which all research questions can be answered A threat to internal validity that refers to the principle that take pretests will affect posttest scores Experimental group (O1) (X) (O2) Control group (O1) (O2) A variable that is not dependent on another variable but is believed to cause or determine changes in the dependent variable A threat to internal validity that refers to events not accounted for in the research designs that may alter the second and subsequent measurements of the dependent variable O A threat to internal validity that refers to the loss of research participants through normal attrition over time in research designs that required pretests and posttests A group of randomly assigned research participants in a study who do not receive the experimental treatment and are used for comparison purposes; not to be confused with comparison group A threat to internal validity that refers to the weaknesses of a measuring instrument itself, such as invalidity, unreliability, improper administration, or mechanical breakdown A nonexperimental group to which research participants have not been randomly assigned for purposes of comparison with the experimental group; not to be confused with control group This kind of research design takes place when research participants have a certain condition and/or receive a particular treatment and are sampled over time This kind of research design takes different samples of people who share a similar characteristic at different points in time
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