Fill in the Blanks FUNBIO 14 PART 3Online version Review how cells form the basis of tissues, organs, and organ systems. Outline the four types primary tissue types. Describe the structure and function of these four tissue types; epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Identify distinguishing features of each tissue type. by Zainab Nabeel 1 Specialized Connective Tissue : cartilage specialized cells embedded in a of extracellular fibers and other material . A dense network of collagen fibers and elastic fibers firmly embedded in chondroitin sulfate ( a gel like component of the ground substance ) - Chrondrocytes : Cartilage cells found in spaces ( ? lacunae ? ) in the extracellular matrix - Perichondrium : Covering of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the cartilage ; source of new cartilage cells . Two layers : outer fibrous layer and inner cellular layer - No blood vessels or nerves , except Three types of cartilage : hyaline , fibrocartilage , and elastic cartilage : - Most abundant cartilage in the body : ends of long bones , anterior end of ribs , nose , trachea , bronchi - Surrounding by perichondrium ( some exceptions like articular cartilage ) - Provide flexibility and support . Reduces friction - Chondrocytes are scattered among bundles of collagen fibers within the extracellular matrix - Lack a perchondrium - Strongest type of cartilage - Found in disc ( between vertebrae ) , menisci ( cartilage pads of knees ) , portions of tendons that insert into cartilage elastic cartilage - Chrondrocytes are located within a network of elastic fibers - is present - E . g . auricle of ear , auditory / Eustachian tube , epiglottis - Provides strength and elasticity specialized connective tissue ( the bone ) : - Bones are organs composed of several different connective tissues : bone ( osseous ) tissue , periosteum , and . - Two types : Compact ( shaft of long bones ) or spongy ( end of long bone ) . bone is composted of basic units called Osteons or haversian system ( basic unit of compact bone ) which have 4 parts : Lamellae Lacunae Central ( Haverisan ) canal Two types : continued ? Spongy bone lacks osteons . Instead , it has columns of bone called trabeculae which contain : Lamellae Osteocytes Canaliculi bone : - Bone cells ( osteoblasts ) make new bone . They become encased in a calcified cartilage matrix and become osteocytes - Specialized bone cells called osteoclasts digest bone tissue to allow for growth and modification muscle tissue : Muscle tissue consists of specialized cells that contract when stimulated . The body has three types of muscle tissue : Skeletal ( voluntary ) Cardiac ( involuntary ) Smooth muscle ( involuntary ) - Nervous tissue contains specialized cells that conduct impulses . Neurons are conducting cells . They transmit impulses from one region of the body to another . are nonconducting cells . They are a type of nervous system connective tissue . There are three types of neurons , classified by polarity : : dendrite and axon on the same end Bipolar : dendrite and axon on opposite ends Multi - polar : multiple dendrites
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