Matching Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonOnline version Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features by Abigail Scott 1 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 2 Axial Skeleton 3 Associated Bones of the Skull 4 Vertebral Column 5 Skull 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones Sternum & 24 Ribs 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 1 Oral Cavity 2 Squamous Suture 3 Types of Sutures 4 Palatine Suture 5 Cranial Cavity 6 Nasal Cavity 7 Sutures 8 Sagittal Suture 9 Skull 10 Orbital Cavities 11 Lambdoid Suture 12 Cavities 13 Coronal Suture A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone Joint between frontal and parietal bones Joint between parietal and temporal bones Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Joint between palatine bones Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones Joint between 2 parietal bones Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones Joints between the bones of the skull Joint between parietal and occipital bones 1 Temporal 2 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 3 Nasal 4 Palatine 5 Lacrimal 6 Sphenoid 7 Face 8 Vomer 9 Neurocranium 10 Inferior Nasal Conchae 11 Mandible 12 Occipital 13 Zygomatic 14 Frontal 15 Parietal 16 Maxilla 17 Ethmoid Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit Lower jaw Roof of nasal cavity Neurocranium and Face Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Inferior nasal septum Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) 1 Malleus 2 Incus 3 Associated Bones of the Skull 4 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 5 Ear Ossicles 6 Hyoid 7 Stapes Ear Ossicles & Hyoid Hammer Anvil slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing Stirrup Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound Malleus, Incus, Stapes 1 Thoracic Vertebrae 2 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 3 Lumbar Vertebrae 4 Sacrum 5 Kyphosis 6 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae 7 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 8 Coccyx 9 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column 10 Cervical Vertebrae 11 Parts of the Sacrum 12 Lordosis Vertebrae of the Neck Posterior pelvis Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina Tailbone Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae Vertebrae of the lower back Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! 1 False Ribs 2 Sternum Components 3 Sternocostal Joints 4 Manubrium 5 Costochondral Joints 6 Body 7 Sternum 8 True Ribs 9 Function of the Rib Cage 10 Ribs 11 Components of the Rib Cage 12 Floating Ribs 13 Xyphoid Process Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs Breastbone Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) Bottom tab on the sternum protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints 1 Intervertebral Joints 2 Atlanto-occipital Joint 3 Axial Joints 4 Atlanto-axial Joint 5 Vertebrocostal Joints 6 Temporomandibular Joint 7 Sternocostal Joints T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks) atlas + dens of axis mandibular fossa + condylar process Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7)
