Matching Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonOnline version Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features by Abigail Scott 1 Associated Bones of the Skull 2 Axial Skeleton 3 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 4 Vertebral Column 5 Skull Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage Sternum & 24 Ribs 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones 1 Oral Cavity 2 Skull 3 Cranial Cavity 4 Types of Sutures 5 Palatine Suture 6 Nasal Cavity 7 Orbital Cavities 8 Lambdoid Suture 9 Cavities 10 Coronal Suture 11 Squamous Suture 12 Sagittal Suture 13 Sutures Joint between frontal and parietal bones Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones Joint between parietal and temporal bones Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone Joints between the bones of the skull Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones Joint between parietal and occipital bones Joint between palatine bones Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Joint between 2 parietal bones Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones 1 Palatine 2 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 3 Inferior Nasal Conchae 4 Maxilla 5 Mandible 6 Nasal 7 Parietal 8 Face 9 Occipital 10 Lacrimal 11 Vomer 12 Ethmoid 13 Frontal 14 Temporal 15 Sphenoid 16 Zygomatic 17 Neurocranium Lower jaw Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) Neurocranium and Face Roof of nasal cavity Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Inferior nasal septum Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit 1 Hyoid 2 Malleus 3 Stapes 4 Incus 5 Ear Ossicles 6 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 7 Associated Bones of the Skull Hammer slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound Malleus, Incus, Stapes Ear Ossicles & Hyoid Anvil Stirrup 1 Thoracic Vertebrae 2 Parts of the Sacrum 3 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae 4 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 5 Coccyx 6 Lumbar Vertebrae 7 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column 8 Kyphosis 9 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 10 Cervical Vertebrae 11 Sacrum 12 Lordosis Posterior pelvis Vertebrae of the lower back Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles Tailbone Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae Vertebrae of the Neck 1 Sternum Components 2 Xyphoid Process 3 Floating Ribs 4 Components of the Rib Cage 5 Manubrium 6 False Ribs 7 Sternocostal Joints 8 Costochondral Joints 9 Ribs 10 Sternum 11 Body 12 True Ribs 13 Function of the Rib Cage Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage Bottom tab on the sternum 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating Breastbone Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) 1 Vertebrocostal Joints 2 Sternocostal Joints 3 Atlanto-axial Joint 4 Temporomandibular Joint 5 Axial Joints 6 Atlanto-occipital Joint 7 Intervertebral Joints superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle mandibular fossa + condylar process Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks) atlas + dens of axis manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7) Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal
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