Matching Pairs Unit 2 Part 3: The Appendicular SkeletonOnline version Information on the appendicular portion of the skeleton and its features by Abigail Scott 1 Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton 2 Functions of the Appendicular Skeleton Upper: Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges Lower: Coxa, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges Vertical support, support the head, protect the spinal cord 1 Consists of 2 Scapular Spine 3 Clavicle 4 Scapula 5 Fossae 6 Supraspinous Fossa 7 Subscapular Fossa 8 Clavicle Features 9 Coracoid Process 10 Acromial End 11 Glenoid Fossa 12 Pectoral Girdle (Shoulder) 13 Sternal End 14 Acromial Process 15 Scapula Features 16 Infraspinous Fossa Acromial Process, Coracoid Process, Scapular Spine, & Fossae Inferior to the scapular spine Site of muscle attachment (infraspinatus) "collarbone" Lateral For head of humerus Supraspinous, Infraspinous, Subscapular, & Glenoid Sternal end & acromial end Articulates with the clavicular notch of the manubrium (sternum) = Sternoclavicular joint Smaller lateral projection, more anterior Site of muscle attachment (pectoralis minor & biceps brachii) The ridge between Supraspinous & Infraspinous fossae Site of muscle attachment (trapezius, etc.) Clavicle (2) & Scapula (2) Articulates with the acromial process of the scapula = Acromioclavicular joint Attaches the upper limbs to the trunk (the sternum) superior to the scapular spine Site of muscle attachment (supraspinatus) LARGER lateral projection, more posterior Articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle = Acromioclavicular joint "shoulder blade" Anterior side of the scapula (closest to ribcage) Site of muscle attachment (subscapularis) 1 Metacarpals Components 2 Radius Components 3 Radius & Ulna 4 Carpals Components 5 Metacarpals 6 Phalanges 7 Parts of the Upper Limb 8 Ulna Components 9 Humerus Components 10 Phalanges Components 11 Humerus 12 Carpals Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, & Phalanges Forearm (antebrachium) Bones of the fingers 8 in total; Only need to know scaphoid Bones of the palms 14 in total; 5 proximal, 4 middle, & 5 distal; numbered 1-5 from thumb to pinky - proximal & distal; numbered 2-4 from index to pinky - middle Bones of the wrist Head, Radial Tuberosity, Ulnar Notch, Carpal Surface, Upper Arm (brachium) Head, Greater Tubercle, Lesser Tubercle, Deltoid Tuberosity, Medial Epicondyle, Lateral Condyle, Capitulum, Trochlea, Olecranon Fossa 5 in total; Not named but numbered I (Lateral, thumb) - V (Medial, pinky) Trochlear Notch, Olercranon, Ulnar Tuberosity, Radial Notch, Head 1 Auricular Surface 2 Components of Pelvic Girdle 3 Pubis 4 Os Coxa 5 Ilium Features 6 Iliac Crest 7 Pelvic Girdle 8 Pubic Symphysis 9 Ilium 10 Ischium Features 11 Iliac Fossa 12 Ischium 13 Bones of the Os Coxa 14 Ischial Tuberosity Ilium, Ischium, Pubis Largest of the 3 bones; Superior portions of the coxa; Articulates with the sacrum fibrocartilage disk absorbs shock while walking & allows for childbirth Iliac Crest, Iliac Fossa, Auricular Surface Large, smooth, concave surface Site of muscle attachment (internal hip muscles) What you put your hands on when you rest your hands on your “hips” Site of muscle attachment attaches lower limbs to the trunk (sacrum), supports body weight, protects pelvic organs Inferior, anterior portion of the coxa Articulates with the other coxa at the pubic symphysis What you sit on (“sits bone”) Site of muscle attachment (adductor magnus, hamstrings) 2 Coxa 3 bones that fuse during puberty at the acetabulum (hip joint) Ischial Tuberosity Articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum = sacroiliac (SI) joint Inferior, posterior portion of the coxa 1 Fibula 2 Components of the Tarsals 3 Components of the Phalanges 4 Components of the Lower Limb 5 Tarsals 6 Femur 7 Components of the Tibia 8 Components of the Patella 9 Metatarsals 10 Components of the Fibula 11 Patella 12 Components of the Metatarsals 13 Components of the Femur 14 Tibia 15 Phalanges Smaller of the lower leg bones; Lateral bone the "thigh"; Longest, strongest, and heaviest bone of the body; At an angle Medial Condyle, Lateral Condyle, Medial Malleolus, Fibular Notch Bones of the back foot Head, Greater Trochanter, Lesser Trochanter, Linea Aspera, Medial Condyle, Lateral Condyle, Patellar Surface 7 in total; Only need to know Talus and Calcaneus 5 in total; named I-V from medial (big) to lateral (baby) Bones of the toes Head, Lateral Malleolu Sesamoid bone - grows within the tendon; protects the knee when kneeling Bones of the middle foot Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges Bigger of the lower leg bones; Medial bone 14 in total; 5 proximal, 4 middle, & 5 distal; numbered 1-5 from thumb to pinky - proximal & distal; numbered 2-4 from index to pinky - middle Base & Apex 1 quadricep tendon 2 Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) 3 Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) 4 Cruciate Ligaments 5 Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) 6 patellar ligament 7 Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) 8 Collateral Ligaments 9 Knee 10 menisci from muscle to the patella (above knee) anterior, behind patella, crosses in front of PCL joint of femur, patella, tibia, fibula stabilize the front and back of the tibiofemoral joint; ACL & PCL Stabilize the sides of the joint; LCL & MCL Between lateral femur and fibula; Prevents hyperadduction (keeping it from moving too far medially) Between medial femur and tibia; Prevents hyperabduction (keeping it from moving too far laterally) from patella to the tibial tuberosity (below knee) posterior, popliteal region fibrocartilage pads between the femoral and tibial condyles
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