Matching Pairs Systematics MatchingOnline version Exam 1 definitions systematics by Emma Fuller 1 phylogeny 2 cladistics 3 competing philosophies 4 biodiversity 5 systematics 6 classification 7 taxonomy 8 evolutionary All taxa should be clades, monophyletic AND holophyletic different schools of thought that promote different theories, principles, or methods the naming of groups of organisms Study of diversification and relationships Assigning organisms to hierarchical groups evolutionary history Taxa should share recent common ancestry AND morphological similarity, may generate some paraphyletic taxa number of species, genre, etc 1 synapomorphic 2 homoplasy 3 grade 4 holophyletic 5 paraphyletic 6 monophyletic 7 plesiomorphic 8 homologous 9 clade 10 autapomorphic 11 apomorphic 12 symplesiomorphic 13 analogous 14 polyphyletic An unshared, derived characteristic shared, derived characteristic An analogous trait or character, such as skin flaps for gliding A group of organisms that shares similarity but not by shared common ancestry or excluding some descendants Similar due to common function, not based on shared common ancestry A lineage of organisms that is derived from a single common ancestor and contains ALL descendants A derived characteristic An ancestral characteristic A lineage or trait found in independent lineages A lineage with a single common ancestor A lineage including some but not all descendants of a single common ancestor Similar based on shared common ancestry A shared, ancestral characteristic A lineage including all descendants of a single common ancestor 1 tachytely 2 cladogram 3 DKPCOFGS 4 convergent evolution 5 phylogram 6 dendrogram 7 horotely 8 bradytely 9 parallel evolution Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between species, and is also known as a phylogenetic tree. a biological term that describes a normal or average rate of evolution for a group of plants or animals a branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species The evolution of analogous characteristics in distantly related clades a branching diagram that shows how similar a group of things are to each other evolution that is very slow or has stopped evolution at a relatively rapid rate tending to result in speedy differentiation and fixation of new types The evolution of homologous characteristics into new forms/phenotypes in the same clade. “Descent with modification”
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