Matching Pairs Systematics MatchingOnline version Exam 1 definitions systematics by Emma Fuller 1 classification 2 systematics 3 cladistics 4 competing philosophies 5 taxonomy 6 biodiversity 7 phylogeny 8 evolutionary Taxa should share recent common ancestry AND morphological similarity, may generate some paraphyletic taxa Assigning organisms to hierarchical groups number of species, genre, etc All taxa should be clades, monophyletic AND holophyletic different schools of thought that promote different theories, principles, or methods evolutionary history the naming of groups of organisms Study of diversification and relationships 1 paraphyletic 2 autapomorphic 3 polyphyletic 4 apomorphic 5 grade 6 holophyletic 7 symplesiomorphic 8 homologous 9 plesiomorphic 10 monophyletic 11 clade 12 homoplasy 13 synapomorphic 14 analogous shared, derived characteristic A group of organisms that shares similarity but not by shared common ancestry or excluding some descendants An analogous trait or character, such as skin flaps for gliding Similar due to common function, not based on shared common ancestry A derived characteristic A shared, ancestral characteristic A lineage including all descendants of a single common ancestor Similar based on shared common ancestry An ancestral characteristic A lineage of organisms that is derived from a single common ancestor and contains ALL descendants An unshared, derived characteristic A lineage or trait found in independent lineages A lineage with a single common ancestor A lineage including some but not all descendants of a single common ancestor 1 dendrogram 2 DKPCOFGS 3 bradytely 4 cladogram 5 phylogram 6 convergent evolution 7 horotely 8 parallel evolution 9 tachytely The evolution of analogous characteristics in distantly related clades evolution at a relatively rapid rate tending to result in speedy differentiation and fixation of new types The evolution of homologous characteristics into new forms/phenotypes in the same clade. “Descent with modification” Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species evolution that is very slow or has stopped a branching diagram that shows how similar a group of things are to each other a branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between species, and is also known as a phylogenetic tree. a biological term that describes a normal or average rate of evolution for a group of plants or animals
