Explanation
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All of cell respiration starts with a glucose (C6H12O6) molecule
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In the process of glycolysis glucose (C6H12O6) is broken down into 2 pyruvate molecules. The pyruvates have 3 carbons each. This takes 2 ATP, but makes 4 ATP (for a net gain of 2 ATP and stores a little energy in NADH.
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NADH is an energy carrier. It takes hydrogen and electrons (energy) to the Electron Transport Chain to be made into ATP and is recycled as NAD+.
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In glycolysis, glucose (C6H12O6) is split into 2 pyruvate molecules. This take s 2 ATP, but makes 4 ATP for a net of 2ATP form each glucose.
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In glycolysis, 1 glucose molecule (C6H12O6) is broken down into 2 pyruvate molecules (3 carbons each), yielding a net of 2 ATP and storing some energy in NADH. This is an anaerobic process (does not need energy) and takes place in the cytoplasm.
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The place where glycolysis, the first step of cell respiration , takes place.
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after glycolysis and before the Krebs Cycle, there is one step where pyruvate (3 carbons) is converted into Acetly CoA (2 carbons). Some carbon dioxide (CO2) is given off as a waste product.
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Organelle where most of cell respiration takes place. It has an outer membrane, an inner membrane and an open space filled with fluid similar to cytoplasm.
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Sometimes called the Citric Acid Cycle, if there is enough oxygen, each Acetyl CoA (2 carbons) enters the mitochondria and gets added to a 4 carbon molecule to make a 6 carbon molecule. It then goes through a series of reactions to make 2 ATP and stores some energy in NADH and FADH2 per glucose. Oxygen is needed (aerobic process) and CO2 is the waste product. This takes place in the open fluid-filled area of the mitochondria, the matrix.
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NADH and FADH2 are energy carriers. They take hydrogens an electrons to the Electron Transport Chain where they will be made in to ATP and are recycle as NAD+ and FAD2+.
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Open, fluid-filled area in the mitochondrion where the reactions of the Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) take place.
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The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain are aerobic and use oxygen. If there is not enough oxygen in the cell, fermentation will take place in the cytoplasm after glycolysis.
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The Krebs cycle yields 1 ATP per pyruvate, but there are 2 pyruvates per glucose, so the Krebs Cycle yields 2 ATP total per glucose.
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Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is the waste products form the Krebs Cycle and given off by the cell
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The Electron Transport Chain takes all of the energy stored in NADH and FADH2 from glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle and converts it into 32-34 ATP. This takes place in the cristae of the mitochondria (the inner membrane) where there are a series of proteins that pass the electrons back and forth and move hydrogen ions to build up a concentration gradient. This is an aerobic process (uses oxygen (O2)).
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The cristae are the inner membrane of the mitochondria where the Electron Transport Chain takes place. There are a series of proteins that pass electrons and move Hydrogen ions to build up a concentration gradient. The last step is an enzyme that moves the hydrogen ions back and stores the energy as 32-34 ATP.
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The end product of the Electron Transport Chain is 32-34 ATP. It's different because some cells are a little more efficient and get a few more ATP. With the 2 from glycolysis and 2 from the Krebs cycle this is a total of 36-38 ATP per glucose molecule.
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Water (H2O) is the waste products of the Electron Transport Chain and given off by the cell.
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After glycolysis, if there is not enough oxygen, pyruvate can not enter the Krebs Cycle. Instead it stays in the cytoplasm and undergoes fermentation. This makes 0 ATP, but recycles NADH so that glycolysis can happen again (and make 2 ATP net). Alcohol or lactic acid are waste products.
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