Matching Pairs Supreme Court and Civil LibertiesOnline version Match the court case to its civil liberty outcome. by Kristine Vester 1 The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (1966) 2 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII – Religious Protections) 3 Texas v Johnson (1989) 4 Right to Carry Law 5 United States v Rahimi (2024) 6 District of Columbia v Heller (2008) Protects employees from religious discrimination + requires employers to accommodate religious beliefs and practices, unless it causes undue hardship The Supreme Court ruled that temporarily disarming someone who has been found to pose a threat to others does not violate their right to bear arms An individual's right to possess a firearm for self-defense in their home is protected by law VA permits open carry of firearms for people 18+, excluding those convicted of a felony. This allows people to carry visible firearms freely in public Grants public access to government documents, promoting transparency and press freedom Helps journalists and citizens hold the government accountable In 1989, the Supreme Court ruled that flag burning is protected free speech 1 Code of Virginia § 36-27. Eminent domain. 2 Mapp v Ohio (1961) 3 Carpenter v United States (2018) 4 "You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law.” 5 The USA FREEDOM Act (2015) Government must pass a resolution, notify the owner, and provide a market value appraisal. The owner can then appear before the local governing body. The 1961 case ruled that illegally seized evidence cannot be used in a state criminal trial 2018 Supreme Court case that ruled that the government needs a warrant to access a person's cell phone location data. Requires warrants for phone records, limiting government surveillance. Restricts bulk metadata collection, enhancing privacy protections. Miranda Rights 1 HB 2263 Death penalty; abolition of current penalty. (Virginia 2021) 2 The Sentencing Reform Act (1984) 3 Gideon v Wainwright (1963) 4 The Bail Reform Act (1984) 5 Atkins v Virginia (2008) 6 Speedy Trial Act of 1974 7 The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA) (1974, reauthorized in 2018) Aims to reduce harsh sentences for non-violent offenses. Created the U.S. Sentencing Commission to set fair sentencing guidelines. The Supreme Court ruled that sentencing a mentally disabled man to death for his crimes violated protections against cruel and unusual punishment. 30 days of arrest: indictment or info must be filed 70 days: A trial must begin Too much time: the defendant can request dismissal of charges. Abolishes the death penalty, including for those already sentenced. Prohibits new death sentences or executions after the bill’s effective date. Ensures bail is not punitive and is reasonable Allows pretrial detention for dangerous individuals, but prevents excessive bail for non-violence Protects juveniles from excessive punishment, including life sentences without parole. Supports alternatives to incarceration for young offenders. Supreme Court case that established the right to legal representation for criminal defendants who can't afford an attorney.
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