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Rock Cycle Picture ID

Map Quiz

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At the top you'll be given a description. Click on the point that matches and you'll learn some more.

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Rock Cycle Picture ID
 

Rock Cycle Picture IDOnline version

At the top you'll be given a description. Click on the point that matches and you'll learn some more.

by Brian Pichola
1 Magma/Lava 2 Cools and hardens 3 Igneous Rocks 4 Weathering and erosion 5 Sediments 6 Compaction and Cementation 7 Sedimentary rock 8 Heat and Pressure 9 Metamorphic rocks 10 Reburied and melted 11 Shortcuts

Explanation

All rocks on the planet started out as magma (inside the Earth) or lava (on the surface).

Molten (melted) rock can harden inside the earth or on the surface to form different kinds of rocks

When magma hardens it becomes intrusive igneous rocks, like granite, porphyry and gabbro. They often have crystals. The larger the crystals are the longer it took to solidify. When lava hardens it becomes an extrusive igneous rock, like scoria, pumice, basalt and obsidian. They often have holes where gases escapes.

Rocks can be weathered (broken down into smaller pieces) and eroded (pieces get moved away)

Rocks are weathered in to smaller pieces called sediments. These are then moved (eroded) and are then left somewhere (deposited).

Sediments are left behind (deposited) in flat layers, where they are pressed together (compacted) and held together by minerals (cemented) to form sedimentary rock.

Sedimentary rocks that form from other rocks are called clastic. They are classified by the size of their particles, and include conglomerate, breccia, sandstone, and shale. Sedimentary rocks can also form from once-living things. These are called organic or biochemical rocks and include coquina, limestone and coal. Sedimentary rocks that form from water evaporating are called chemical sedimentary rocks and include rock gypsum and rock salt.

Rocks can be reburied and undergo heat and pressure. This changes and rearranges the minerals inside of them and is called metamorphism. When this happens over a large area, such as when tectonic plates move, it is called regional metamorphism. When it happens in a small area, such as when magma intrudes on the rock layer, it is called contact metamorphism.

Metamorphic rocks that have stripes/layers are called foliated. The more defined the layers/stripes, the more heat and pressure they have experienced. These include slate, gneiss and schist. Metamorphic rocks that form from only one mineral do not have stripes or layers. They are called nonfoliated. They may have larger crystals if they receive a lot of heat/pressure. These include quartzite and marble.

Rocks can be reburied and completely melted back into magma to start the whole cycle over.

The rock cycle is not some beautiful process that just goes around in a nice little circle. Any rock can become any rock, including the same kind, if the right processes happen. Any rock can be reburied and melt, then cool and harden into an igneous rock. Any rock can be weathered and eroded into sediments which are compacted and cemented together to become a sedimentary rock. Any rock can be buried and undergo heat and pressure (without completely melting) to become an metamorphic rock.

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