Electrolyte Imbalances

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Vyas pls curve 443 exams and release them

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C Acromegaly

United States

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#	Player	Accuracy	time
1	C Acromegaly May 31, 2025	% 100	14:20
2	TUNG PHAM May 28, 2025	% 100	21:16

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Common Hacks I

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Electrolyte Imbalances


Electrolyte ImbalancesOnline version Vyas pls curve 443 exams and release them by C Acromegaly 1 Hypertonic Hyponatremia (3) 2 Acute/Severely Symptomatic Hypotonic Hyponatremia (5) 3 Euvolemic Hyponatremia (3) 4 First Line Treatments of SIADH (2) 5 Second Line Treatments of SIADH (3) 6 Hypovolemic Hyponatremia (3) 7 Hypervolemic Hyponatremia (4) 8 Hypovolemic Hypernatremia (2) 9 Euvolemic Hypernatremia (4) 10 Hypervolemic Hypernatremia (2) 11 Hypokalemia (3) 12 Hyperkalemia (3) 13 Hypomagnesemia (3) 14 Hypermagnesemia (3) 15 Hypophosphatemia (3) 16 Hyperphosphatemia (3) 17 Hypocalcemia (3) 18 Hypercalcemia (5) Severe Hyperglycemia Requires Corrected Na+ Treat Hyperglycemia, not the Hyponatremia Regardless of Fluids, treat Hyponatremia first (slowly) S/Sx of Coma, seizures, resp arrest, Na<110, water intoxication Initial treat w/ 3% saline to target of 120mEq/L Max rate of correction should not exceed 8-12 mEq/L/24hr Add loop diuretic if concurrent volume overload present Too much ADH = Decr [Na] by dilution (SIADH) Water Increase, no change in Na Treat SIADH Fluid restriction (non-emergent) Hypertonic Saline (emergent) Oral salt tabs + loop diuretic Urea-Na (food, no Rx required) V receptor antagonists (Vaptans): Conivaptan (IV), Tolvaptan (PO) Na loss >> water loss Isotonic Fluids First Line Caused by: Thiazides, Adrenal Insufficiency Water gain >> Na gain Caused by CHF or Cirrhosis increasing H2O retention First line: Fluid (<1L/day) and Na (<1-2g/day) Restriction Second line: Tolvaptan for CHF Caused by: GI losses, Low fluid intake, diuretic/osmotic diuresis Treat with Isotonic fluids until Volume repleted then D5W Diabetes Insipidus (Central & Nephrogenic) Central DI: Desmopressin Nephrogenic DI: HCTZ, amiloride (Li), indomethacin Decr in H2O, No change in Na Increase in Na > Incr in H2O D5W + loop diuretic Causes: Intracellular shift, GI, Renal losses/decreased intake IV: KCl reconstituted in Saline PO: KCl, K-Phos, K-HCO3 Causes: Renal failure, ACEs/ARBs, Spironolactone Acute: IV Ca (ekg changes), Insulin+Glc, salbutamol, kayexalate Chronic: Manage RAASi therapy, Change Diuretics, PO NaHCO3 PO: Magnesium Oxide, MgOH (doodoo), any Mg supplement IV: Mag Sulfate in severe or NPO pt, one time dose Caution treating pts with renal impairment Cause: renal failure Treat: IV Ca, IV loop diuretics + Saline Last resort Hemodialysis Treatment selection decided by pt K and Na levels PO: K-Phos (High Na Low K), Neutra-Phos (equal Na and K) IV: Na-Phos and K-Phos in NS or D5W Treat Dialysis Pt through dietary restriction of Phos Phosphate Binders (Ca Carb, Sevelamer, Ca Acetate, Lanthanum) Last resort Hemodialysis If Acute, give IV CaGluconate If Chronic, give PO Calcium If after therapy still hypocalcemic, give Rebolus IV Causes: Malignant secretion of PTH, Primary HyperPTHism First Line of 0.9% Saline (Incr Ca excretion) IV: Furosemide, Bisphosphonates IM/SQ: Calcitonin, Inhibit bone resorption of Ca PO: Calcimimetics (Cinacalcet, etelcalcetide) decr PTH

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Electrolyte Imbalances

Matching

About this activity

Created by

Download the paper version to play

Top Games

Matching

Glands and Hormones

Matching

Muscular system

Matching

SEQUENCE WORDS

Matching

Taylor Swift

Matching

Common Hacks I

Electrolyte ImbalancesOnline version

by C Acromegaly

Hypertonic Hyponatremia (3)

Acute/Severely Symptomatic Hypotonic Hyponatremia (5)

Euvolemic Hyponatremia (3)

First Line Treatments of SIADH (2)

Second Line Treatments of SIADH (3)

Hypovolemic Hyponatremia (3)

Hypervolemic Hyponatremia (4)

Hypovolemic Hypernatremia (2)

Euvolemic Hypernatremia (4)

Hypervolemic Hypernatremia (2)

Hypokalemia (3)

Hyperkalemia (3)

Hypomagnesemia (3)

Hypermagnesemia (3)

Hypophosphatemia (3)

Hyperphosphatemia (3)

Hypocalcemia (3)

Hypercalcemia (5)