Matching Pairs Match authors midtermOnline version Match authors with concepts/terms/findings by Carlos Ponce 1 Terrie Moffit 2 George Rigakos 3 Raffaele Garofalo 4 Ray Jeffery 5 Travis Hirschi and Michael Hindelang 6 Cesare Beccaria 7 Cesare Lombroso 8 Jeremy Bentham 9 Enrico Ferri 10 Sigmund Freud 11 Eysenck 12 Erich Goode and Nachman Ben-Yehuda 13 Stanley Cohen Studied skulls and body types of prisoners and inmates confined to insane asylums, concluding that criminals were “atavistic” — they were degenerate, evolutionary throwbacks — and exhibited distinguishing features, like apes or Neanderthals — retreating foreheads, large ears, large jaws, long arms. Argued against secret accusations and use of torture, insisting accused individuals should have right to know their accusers and right to a fair trial Argued that humans are rational, free-willed actors and that their behaviour is governed by hedonistic (pleasure–pain) calculus. He maintained that punishment should be restricted only to amount required to achieve deterrence. The first to talk about “the born criminal” Low intelligence has an indirect effect over delinquency through poor school performance and the negative consequences associated with it later in life. Used a combination of B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning and Edwin Sutherland’s differential association theory, to argue that if the reward for crime is high and the likelihood of punishment is low, the chances of criminal behaviour increase Policing in Canada, private and public, has historically supported the accumulation and retention of capital, controlled potential threats to capitalism (putting down labour strikes, public protests). Proposed three models (grassroots, elite-engineered and interest group) and 5 five features to explain the emergence and development of moral panics. Argued that criminal thinking was inherited. Favoured eugenics. Founder of psychoanalysis, also referred to as the “psychodynamic approach” Identified 3 key personality traits: Extraversion (E), Neuroticism (N) and Psychoticism (P). Argues that we need examine two distinct types of offender to properly explain the age–crime curve: life-course persistent (LCP) offenders and adolescent-limited (AL) offenders Explored the relationship between media and moral panic in 1972 book, Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Mods and Rockers. His work popularized the term moral panics. He identified the media as a crucial factor in stirring up moral panic.
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