Fill in the Blanks Cytochrome P450 EnzymesOnline version Use this activity to revise this important family of enzymes! by Natalia Bilton 1 function less polymorphism quickly sooner breakdown DNA humans genes endoplasmic liver longer toxins P450 higher medications medications Enzymes produced from the cytochrome P450 genes are involved in the formation ( synthesis ) and breakdown ( metabolism ) of various molecules and chemicals within cells . Cytochrome enzymes metabolize external substances , such as that are ingested , and internal substances , such as that are formed within cells . There are approximately 60 cytochrome P450 genes in . Cytochrome P450 enzymes are primarily found in cells but are also located in cells throughout the body . Within cells , cytochrome P450 enzymes are located in the reticulum . The cytochrome P450 enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum usually metabolize external substances , primarily and environmental pollutants . A is any difference in the nucleotide sequence between individuals . These differences can be single base pair changes , deletions , insertions , or even changes in the number of copies of a given sequence . Common variations ( polymorphisms ) in cytochrome P450 can affect the of the enzymes . The effects of polymorphisms are most prominently seen in the of medications . Depending on the gene and the polymorphism , drugs can be metabolized or slowly . If a cytochrome P450 enzyme metabolizes a drug slowly , the drug stays active and is needed to get the desired effect . A drug that is quickly metabolized is broken down and a dose might be needed to be effective .
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