Matching Pairs Week 1 CardiologyOnline version Describe the epidemiology of acute coronary syndromes and stable coronary artery disease Discuss the prognosis and impact of ischaemic heart disease on daily life. Describe how good management can improve both aspects Explain how the cardiovascular system adapts to exercise by Hannah Barton 1 Why are blood pressure changes minimal during exercise? 2 How can stable and unstable angina be differentiated from the history? 3 What is variant angina? 4 Aspirin for secondary prevention can reduce risk of MI, stroke or vascular death by how much…? 5 What is increased preload a result of? 6 How many patients experiencing an acute MI die before reaching the hospital? 7 How is reperfusion therapy useful in MI? 8 How is blood pressure calculated? 9 What are some risk factors for the acute coronary syndromes? 10 What is increased contractility of the heart a result of? 11 How can stable angina progress to unstable angina (acute coronary syndrome) 12 Why must splenic contraction increase during exercise? 13 What is coronary artery disease an umbrella term for? Reduces infarct size and can help to prevent death from heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias Ageing, hypertension, hypercholesteremia, smoking, obesity Whether or not they are provoked by exercise Cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance The plaque narrowing the lumen ruptures causing platelet aggregation, thrombus formation and unopposed vasoconstriction Conditions involving atherosclerosis restricting blood flow to the heart, causing ischaemia Up to 30% of RBCs are stored here and so increased contraction ejects more of these into blood stream to transport oxygen Increased sympathetic nervous system activity Reduced pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance to blood flow Increased use of skeletal muscle pumps and peripheral vasoconstriction means 33% Angina without the presence of physical plaques; caused by intense vasospasm 25%
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