Matching Pairs Week 1 CardiologyOnline version Describe the epidemiology of acute coronary syndromes and stable coronary artery disease Discuss the prognosis and impact of ischaemic heart disease on daily life. Describe how good management can improve both aspects Explain how the cardiovascular system adapts to exercise by Hannah Barton 1 What is increased preload a result of? 2 Why must splenic contraction increase during exercise? 3 How can stable and unstable angina be differentiated from the history? 4 What is variant angina? 5 What are some risk factors for the acute coronary syndromes? 6 How can stable angina progress to unstable angina (acute coronary syndrome) 7 How is blood pressure calculated? 8 How many patients experiencing an acute MI die before reaching the hospital? 9 Aspirin for secondary prevention can reduce risk of MI, stroke or vascular death by how much…? 10 What is increased contractility of the heart a result of? 11 Why are blood pressure changes minimal during exercise? 12 What is coronary artery disease an umbrella term for? 13 How is reperfusion therapy useful in MI? 25% Reduces infarct size and can help to prevent death from heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias Cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance Ageing, hypertension, hypercholesteremia, smoking, obesity Up to 30% of RBCs are stored here and so increased contraction ejects more of these into blood stream to transport oxygen Whether or not they are provoked by exercise Conditions involving atherosclerosis restricting blood flow to the heart, causing ischaemia The plaque narrowing the lumen ruptures causing platelet aggregation, thrombus formation and unopposed vasoconstriction 33% Reduced pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance to blood flow Increased use of skeletal muscle pumps and peripheral vasoconstriction means Angina without the presence of physical plaques; caused by intense vasospasm Increased sympathetic nervous system activity
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