Matching Pairs science vocabularyOnline version test your knowledge on science by trying to remember words and definitions by Elizabeth Goff 1 slow breakdown of rock at the Earth's surface, due to climatic and biological processes. 2 water trapped in gaps between the grains of rocks (usually sedimentary rocks) beneath the surface. 3 a growth in volume which happens when most solids get hotter, but also when water freezes to form ice. 4 ground shaking caused by the energy that is released when rock on either side of a fault suddenly moves. 5 a weathering process where iron-rich minerals (usually) react with air to form rusty-brown oxides. 6 layer of hot, dense rock deep beneath the surface (from about 25 to 2500 km down). Hot enough to flow slowly 7 deep ocean floor, generally flat apart from occasional volcanic mountains and mid-ocean ridges 8 drying out of sea water, usually, in warm, dry climates, leaving behind deposits of crystallized mineral salts 9 a large valley between two sets of opposite-facing Normal faults, resulting from tension forces in the rocks. 10 fragments of rock and pumice thrown out of volcanoes by explosive eruptions, The finest particles are carried long distances by winds. 11 rigid portions of the lithosphere that are constantly moving, exerting huge forces in the Earth's crust. 12 breakdown and removal of rock material by flowing water, wind, or moving ice. 13 Opening through which lava and rock fragments erupt, usually within a volcanic crater. 14 a river mouth where a river splits into many channels as it deposits sediment on meeting a lake or the sea 15 any trace of past life preserved in a rock (includes animal tracks & burrows as well as shells, skeletons and impressions of soft flesh). plate tectonics oxidation vent evaporation abyssal plain volcanic ash erosion fossil weathering delta mantle earthquake rift valley expansion groundwater
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