Matching Pairs The Old RegimenOnline version The Enlightenment by Gehistart Artgeo 1 He defended freedom and equality. He believed society corrupts human beings, who are naturally good. Sovereignty should reside in the people. For the benefit of the community, the people allow a higher authority to govern in their name 2 Enlightened despotism monarchs 3 He defended the separation of powers: legislative power should be held by a representative Parliament, executive power by the King, and judicial power by independent judges 4 It should be applied to all areas of life 5 They therefore criticised some aspects of absolutism, the privileges of the nobility and the clergy, and the strict rules of guilds 6 Knowledge 7 He initiated a wide-ranging reform programme that made him Spain's greatest enlightened despo 8 Education and the experimental science 9 Natural rights 10 Their reforms attempted to modernise Spain (new land was farmed in Sierra Morena, the privileges of the Mesta were reduced) 11 These private associations of enlightened thinkers met to discuss a variety of subjects. 12 He defended a strong monarchy with respect for civil liberties. He believed strongly in freedom of expression and rejected fanaticism and intolerance Reason Economic Societies of Friends of the Country Enlightenment thinkers It was the key to happiness They founded new educational institutions, modernised their bureaucracies and expropriated unused lands Belonged to all human being They were considered vital for ongoing human progress.
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