Matching Pairs Social Work Research Online version Group Design 1 by Jennifer Colin 1 Testing effects 2 Comparison group 3 Knowledge level continuum 4 Cross-sectional survey design 5 Mortality 6 History 7 Cohort study 8 Trend study 9 Independent variable 10 Classical experimental design 11 Control group 12 Instrumentation error This kind of research design takes different samples of people who share a similar characteristic at different points in time A nonexperimental group to which research participants have not been randomly assigned for purposes of comparison with the experimental group; not to be confused with control group Experimental group (O1) (X) (O2) Control group (O1) (O2) A group of randomly assigned research participants in a study who do not receive the experimental treatment and are used for comparison purposes; not to be confused with comparison group A threat to internal validity that refers to events not accounted for in the research designs that may alter the second and subsequent measurements of the dependent variable This kind of research design takes place when research participants have a certain condition and/or receive a particular treatment and are sampled over time A threat to internal validity that refers to the principle that take pretests will affect posttest scores A threat to internal validity that refers to the weaknesses of a measuring instrument itself, such as invalidity, unreliability, improper administration, or mechanical breakdown A variable that is not dependent on another variable but is believed to cause or determine changes in the dependent variable O A threat to internal validity that refers to the loss of research participants through normal attrition over time in research designs that required pretests and posttests The range of knowledge levels, from exploratory to descriptive to explanatory, at which all research questions can be answered
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