Matching Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonOnline version Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features by Abigail Scott 1 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 2 Axial Skeleton 3 Associated Bones of the Skull 4 Vertebral Column 5 Skull Sternum & 24 Ribs 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 1 Lambdoid Suture 2 Nasal Cavity 3 Types of Sutures 4 Sagittal Suture 5 Skull 6 Cavities 7 Oral Cavity 8 Palatine Suture 9 Orbital Cavities 10 Cranial Cavity 11 Squamous Suture 12 Coronal Suture 13 Sutures Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones Joint between 2 parietal bones Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones Joint between frontal and parietal bones Joint between parietal and temporal bones Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone Joint between parietal and occipital bones A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Joint between palatine bones Joints between the bones of the skull Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones 1 Maxilla 2 Neurocranium 3 Parietal 4 Palatine 5 Face 6 Vomer 7 Ethmoid 8 Sphenoid 9 Nasal 10 Inferior Nasal Conchae 11 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 12 Zygomatic 13 Frontal 14 Lacrimal 15 Mandible 16 Temporal 17 Occipital Lower jaw Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Roof of nasal cavity Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) Inferior nasal septum Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Neurocranium and Face Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity 1 Hyoid 2 Associated Bones of the Skull 3 Stapes 4 Incus 5 Malleus 6 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 7 Ear Ossicles Ear Ossicles & Hyoid Anvil slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing Malleus, Incus, Stapes Stirrup Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound Hammer 1 Parts of the Sacrum 2 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae 3 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 4 Sacrum 5 Lumbar Vertebrae 6 Cervical Vertebrae 7 Kyphosis 8 Coccyx 9 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 10 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column 11 Thoracic Vertebrae 12 Lordosis Vertebrae of the lower back Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! Posterior pelvis Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes Vertebrae of the Neck Tailbone Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles 1 Ribs 2 Function of the Rib Cage 3 Sternocostal Joints 4 Manubrium 5 False Ribs 6 True Ribs 7 Body 8 Sternum 9 Costochondral Joints 10 Components of the Rib Cage 11 Xyphoid Process 12 Sternum Components 13 Floating Ribs Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs Breastbone protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage Bottom tab on the sternum Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage 1 Atlanto-occipital Joint 2 Axial Joints 3 Temporomandibular Joint 4 Intervertebral Joints 5 Atlanto-axial Joint 6 Sternocostal Joints 7 Vertebrocostal Joints superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7) Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks) Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal atlas + dens of axis mandibular fossa + condylar process T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle
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