Matching Pairs Unit 2 Part 2: Axial SkeletonOnline version Information on the axial portion of the skeleton and its features by Abigail Scott 1 Thoracic (Rib) Cage 2 Skull 3 Axial Skeleton 4 Associated Bones of the Skull 5 Vertebral Column 8 Cranial Bones & 14 Facial Bones Composed of the Skull, Associated Bones of the Skull, Vertebral Column, Thoracic (Rib) Cage 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone 7 Cervical Vertebrae, 12 Thoracic Vertebrae, 5 Lumbar Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx Sternum & 24 Ribs 1 Sutures 2 Nasal Cavity 3 Orbital Cavities 4 Palatine Suture 5 Lambdoid Suture 6 Cranial Cavity 7 Sagittal Suture 8 Skull 9 Squamous Suture 10 Coronal Suture 11 Cavities 12 Oral Cavity 13 Types of Sutures Joints between the bones of the skull Contains 8 Cranial Bones, 14 Facial Bones, & Associated Bones: 6 Auditory Ossicles & Hyoid Bone Contains the eyes; Created by the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, lacrimal, & palatine bones Contains the nose; Created by the nasal, ethmoid, vomer, palatine, inferior nasal concha, & maxilla bones Joint between frontal and parietal bones Joint between palatine bones Joint between parietal and occipital bones Contains the brain; Created by frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, & sphenoid bones Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, Lambdoid, Palatine, Joint between parietal and temporal bones Contains the mouth; Created by the maxilla, palatine, & mandible bones A hollow space made by multiple bones; Cranial, Orbital, Nasal, & Oral Joint between 2 parietal bones 1 Anatomic Divisions of the Skull 2 Face 3 Lacrimal 4 Ethmoid 5 Zygomatic 6 Frontal 7 Temporal 8 Vomer 9 Sphenoid 10 Inferior Nasal Conchae 11 Palatine 12 Mandible 13 Maxilla 14 Parietal 15 Neurocranium 16 Occipital 17 Nasal Lower jaw Paired; Posterior roof of oral cavity (hard palate), small part of lateral nasal cavity, and medial wall of orbit Paired; Medial wall of the orbit Paired; Upper jaw; Roof of oral cavity, floor and lateral walls of nasal cavity, and medial orbit Inferior nasal septum Neurocranium and Face Paired; Inferior-lateral walls of nasal cavity Frontal (1), Parietal (2), Temporal (2), Occipital (1), Sphenoid (1), & Ethmoid (1) Paired; Temple & ear (lateral), also base (inferior) Roof of nasal cavity Paired; Cheekbones (lateral orbit) Back of head and bottom of the skull (posterior/inferior cranium) Nasal (2), Lacrimal (2), Zygomatic (2), Maxilla (2), Mandible (1), Vomer (1), Palatine (2), Inferior Nasal Conchae (2) Paired; top and sides (lateral) of head (lateral/superior cranial cavity) Medial wall of orbit, roof and superior-lateral walls of nasal cavity, and superior nasal septum Forehead (anterior cranial cavity), eyebrows (roof of the orbit) Part of temple (lateral), part of base (inferior), back of eye 1 Malleus 2 Associated Bones of the Skull 3 Ear Ossicles 4 Incus 5 Bones of the Ear Ossicles 6 Stapes 7 Hyoid Stirrup Malleus, Incus, Stapes slender, curved bone in the throat, does NOT articulate with any other bone – held in place by muscles & ligaments; Assists with swallowing Hammer Anvil Ear Ossicles & Hyoid Located within the temporal bone, amplify sound 1 Lumbar Vertebrae 2 Thoracic Vertebrae 3 Kyphosis 4 Sacrum 5 Parts of the Sacrum 6 Special Features of Cervical Vertebrae 7 Coccyx 8 Anatomic Divisions of the Vertebral Column 9 Special Features of the Lumbar Vertebrae 10 Cervical Vertebrae 11 Lordosis 12 Special Features of the Thoracic Vertebrae Superior articular processes Auricular surfaces Sacral canal Sacral crest Sacral foramina Leans anteriorly; Cervical and Lumbar Vertebrae Leans poteriorly; Sacrum & Thoracic Vertebrae Heart-shaped bodies Costal facets Long spinous processes Very thick bodies Lock together with inwardly facing superior & inferior processes for max support Thick process for attachment of back muscles Posterior pelvis Cervical Vertebrae (7), Thoracic Vertebrae (12), Lumbar Vertebrae (5), Sacrum, Coccyx Vertebrae of the thorax; Attached to the ribs Tailbone Vertebrae of the lower back Vertebrae of the Neck Small bodies Transverse foramina C2-C6 bifid spinous process C1 and C2 special! 1 Sternum 2 Sternum Components 3 Manubrium 4 Costochondral Joints 5 Floating Ribs 6 Components of the Rib Cage 7 Ribs 8 Function of the Rib Cage 9 Body 10 False Ribs 11 Xyphoid Process 12 Sternocostal Joints 13 True Ribs Between the sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs (1-7) Synovial joints Breastbone protects enclosed organs, anchors many muscles 3; #'s 8-10; Connect to #7's costal cartilage Suprasternal/jugular notch - Attachment point for sternocleidomastoid Clavicular notches - Sternoclavicular joints Costal notch - Sternocostal joints Sternum, Ribs, Costal Cartilage Manubrium, Body, Xyphoid Process 12 on each side; 3 types: true, false, & floating Between the costal cartilage and bone of the true (1-7) and false ribs (8-10) Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) Majority of the sternum; 6 costal notches that create joints with costal cartilage and ribs 2; #'s 11 & 12; Have NO costal cartilage Bottom tab on the sternum 7; #'s 1-7; Each rib has its own costal cartilage 1 Sternocostal Joints 2 Atlanto-occipital Joint 3 Vertebrocostal Joints 4 Intervertebral Joints 5 Axial Joints 6 Temporomandibular Joint 7 Atlanto-axial Joint Superior + inferior articular processes Adjacent vertebral bodies (intervertebral disks) atlas + dens of axis Temporomandibular, Atlanto-occipital, Atlanto-axial, Intervertebral, Vertebrocostal, & Sternocostal T1-12 costal facets on vertebral body + head of rib T1-12 costal facets on transverse process + rib tubercle mandibular fossa + condylar process superior articular processes of atlas + occipital condyles manubrium and sternal body costal notches + costal cartilage (1-7)
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