Matching Pairs Unit 2 Part 3: The Appendicular SkeletonOnline version Information on the appendicular portion of the skeleton and its features by Abigail Scott 1 Functions of the Appendicular Skeleton 2 Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton Upper: Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges Lower: Coxa, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges Vertical support, support the head, protect the spinal cord 1 Pectoral Girdle (Shoulder) 2 Acromial Process 3 Scapula Features 4 Subscapular Fossa 5 Supraspinous Fossa 6 Coracoid Process 7 Scapular Spine 8 Glenoid Fossa 9 Fossae 10 Consists of 11 Infraspinous Fossa 12 Clavicle 13 Clavicle Features 14 Sternal End 15 Acromial End 16 Scapula The ridge between Supraspinous & Infraspinous fossae Site of muscle attachment (trapezius, etc.) Anterior side of the scapula (closest to ribcage) Site of muscle attachment (subscapularis) Attaches the upper limbs to the trunk (the sternum) Smaller lateral projection, more anterior Site of muscle attachment (pectoralis minor & biceps brachii) Articulates with the acromial process of the scapula = Acromioclavicular joint Clavicle (2) & Scapula (2) Lateral For head of humerus Articulates with the clavicular notch of the manubrium (sternum) = Sternoclavicular joint Supraspinous, Infraspinous, Subscapular, & Glenoid Sternal end & acromial end "shoulder blade" "collarbone" Acromial Process, Coracoid Process, Scapular Spine, & Fossae LARGER lateral projection, more posterior Articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle = Acromioclavicular joint superior to the scapular spine Site of muscle attachment (supraspinatus) Inferior to the scapular spine Site of muscle attachment (infraspinatus) 1 Metacarpals 2 Ulna Components 3 Humerus 4 Phalanges 5 Carpals Components 6 Carpals 7 Radius Components 8 Phalanges Components 9 Parts of the Upper Limb 10 Radius & Ulna 11 Metacarpals Components 12 Humerus Components Upper Arm (brachium) Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, & Phalanges Bones of the palms Trochlear Notch, Olercranon, Ulnar Tuberosity, Radial Notch, Head Bones of the wrist Bones of the fingers 14 in total; 5 proximal, 4 middle, & 5 distal; numbered 1-5 from thumb to pinky - proximal & distal; numbered 2-4 from index to pinky - middle 8 in total; Only need to know scaphoid Forearm (antebrachium) 5 in total; Not named but numbered I (Lateral, thumb) - V (Medial, pinky) Head, Radial Tuberosity, Ulnar Notch, Carpal Surface, Head, Greater Tubercle, Lesser Tubercle, Deltoid Tuberosity, Medial Epicondyle, Lateral Condyle, Capitulum, Trochlea, Olecranon Fossa 1 Os Coxa 2 Pubic Symphysis 3 Pubis 4 Ischium 5 Pelvic Girdle 6 Auricular Surface 7 Iliac Fossa 8 Bones of the Os Coxa 9 Components of Pelvic Girdle 10 Ilium 11 Iliac Crest 12 Ischium Features 13 Ischial Tuberosity 14 Ilium Features Large, smooth, concave surface Site of muscle attachment (internal hip muscles) 3 bones that fuse during puberty at the acetabulum (hip joint) Inferior, anterior portion of the coxa Articulates with the other coxa at the pubic symphysis 2 Coxa What you sit on (“sits bone”) Site of muscle attachment (adductor magnus, hamstrings) Largest of the 3 bones; Superior portions of the coxa; Articulates with the sacrum Inferior, posterior portion of the coxa fibrocartilage disk absorbs shock while walking & allows for childbirth attaches lower limbs to the trunk (sacrum), supports body weight, protects pelvic organs Iliac Crest, Iliac Fossa, Auricular Surface Articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum = sacroiliac (SI) joint Ischial Tuberosity What you put your hands on when you rest your hands on your “hips” Site of muscle attachment Ilium, Ischium, Pubis 1 Components of the Lower Limb 2 Tarsals 3 Components of the Phalanges 4 Components of the Patella 5 Fibula 6 Components of the Metatarsals 7 Phalanges 8 Components of the Tibia 9 Components of the Tarsals 10 Components of the Fibula 11 Femur 12 Components of the Femur 13 Patella 14 Tibia 15 Metatarsals Bones of the toes Head, Greater Trochanter, Lesser Trochanter, Linea Aspera, Medial Condyle, Lateral Condyle, Patellar Surface Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges Smaller of the lower leg bones; Lateral bone Sesamoid bone - grows within the tendon; protects the knee when kneeling 5 in total; named I-V from medial (big) to lateral (baby) Bones of the middle foot Bigger of the lower leg bones; Medial bone Head, Lateral Malleolu Medial Condyle, Lateral Condyle, Medial Malleolus, Fibular Notch 14 in total; 5 proximal, 4 middle, & 5 distal; numbered 1-5 from thumb to pinky - proximal & distal; numbered 2-4 from index to pinky - middle the "thigh"; Longest, strongest, and heaviest bone of the body; At an angle Base & Apex Bones of the back foot 7 in total; Only need to know Talus and Calcaneus 1 Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) 2 quadricep tendon 3 Knee 4 Cruciate Ligaments 5 menisci 6 patellar ligament 7 Collateral Ligaments 8 Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) 9 Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) 10 Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) fibrocartilage pads between the femoral and tibial condyles from muscle to the patella (above knee) Stabilize the sides of the joint; LCL & MCL stabilize the front and back of the tibiofemoral joint; ACL & PCL posterior, popliteal region anterior, behind patella, crosses in front of PCL from patella to the tibial tuberosity (below knee) Between medial femur and tibia; Prevents hyperabduction (keeping it from moving too far laterally) joint of femur, patella, tibia, fibula Between lateral femur and fibula; Prevents hyperadduction (keeping it from moving too far medially)
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