Matching Pairs Unit 2 Part 3: The Appendicular SkeletonOnline version Information on the appendicular portion of the skeleton and its features by Abigail Scott 1 Functions of the Appendicular Skeleton 2 Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton Vertical support, support the head, protect the spinal cord Upper: Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges Lower: Coxa, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges 1 Infraspinous Fossa 2 Sternal End 3 Clavicle 4 Supraspinous Fossa 5 Scapula 6 Coracoid Process 7 Consists of 8 Acromial End 9 Pectoral Girdle (Shoulder) 10 Glenoid Fossa 11 Subscapular Fossa 12 Acromial Process 13 Scapula Features 14 Fossae 15 Scapular Spine 16 Clavicle Features Acromial Process, Coracoid Process, Scapular Spine, & Fossae Attaches the upper limbs to the trunk (the sternum) Sternal end & acromial end Articulates with the clavicular notch of the manubrium (sternum) = Sternoclavicular joint Clavicle (2) & Scapula (2) LARGER lateral projection, more posterior Articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle = Acromioclavicular joint Lateral For head of humerus "collarbone" Articulates with the acromial process of the scapula = Acromioclavicular joint superior to the scapular spine Site of muscle attachment (supraspinatus) Supraspinous, Infraspinous, Subscapular, & Glenoid "shoulder blade" Smaller lateral projection, more anterior Site of muscle attachment (pectoralis minor & biceps brachii) Inferior to the scapular spine Site of muscle attachment (infraspinatus) The ridge between Supraspinous & Infraspinous fossae Site of muscle attachment (trapezius, etc.) Anterior side of the scapula (closest to ribcage) Site of muscle attachment (subscapularis) 1 Metacarpals Components 2 Humerus 3 Parts of the Upper Limb 4 Carpals 5 Ulna Components 6 Phalanges 7 Carpals Components 8 Metacarpals 9 Radius Components 10 Radius & Ulna 11 Humerus Components 12 Phalanges Components Bones of the wrist 5 in total; Not named but numbered I (Lateral, thumb) - V (Medial, pinky) Forearm (antebrachium) 14 in total; 5 proximal, 4 middle, & 5 distal; numbered 1-5 from thumb to pinky - proximal & distal; numbered 2-4 from index to pinky - middle Trochlear Notch, Olercranon, Ulnar Tuberosity, Radial Notch, Head Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, & Phalanges Bones of the palms Bones of the fingers Head, Radial Tuberosity, Ulnar Notch, Carpal Surface, Upper Arm (brachium) Head, Greater Tubercle, Lesser Tubercle, Deltoid Tuberosity, Medial Epicondyle, Lateral Condyle, Capitulum, Trochlea, Olecranon Fossa 8 in total; Only need to know scaphoid 1 Ilium 2 Iliac Fossa 3 Os Coxa 4 Ischial Tuberosity 5 Components of Pelvic Girdle 6 Pubis 7 Ischium Features 8 Bones of the Os Coxa 9 Iliac Crest 10 Ischium 11 Pelvic Girdle 12 Pubic Symphysis 13 Ilium Features 14 Auricular Surface Inferior, anterior portion of the coxa Articulates with the other coxa at the pubic symphysis Ischial Tuberosity fibrocartilage disk absorbs shock while walking & allows for childbirth What you sit on (“sits bone”) Site of muscle attachment (adductor magnus, hamstrings) What you put your hands on when you rest your hands on your “hips” Site of muscle attachment Inferior, posterior portion of the coxa Largest of the 3 bones; Superior portions of the coxa; Articulates with the sacrum Iliac Crest, Iliac Fossa, Auricular Surface 3 bones that fuse during puberty at the acetabulum (hip joint) Articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum = sacroiliac (SI) joint Large, smooth, concave surface Site of muscle attachment (internal hip muscles) Ilium, Ischium, Pubis 2 Coxa attaches lower limbs to the trunk (sacrum), supports body weight, protects pelvic organs 1 Components of the Tibia 2 Femur 3 Components of the Fibula 4 Components of the Lower Limb 5 Tarsals 6 Fibula 7 Components of the Phalanges 8 Phalanges 9 Components of the Patella 10 Patella 11 Tibia 12 Components of the Tarsals 13 Components of the Metatarsals 14 Components of the Femur 15 Metatarsals 7 in total; Only need to know Talus and Calcaneus Bones of the middle foot Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges Sesamoid bone - grows within the tendon; protects the knee when kneeling Head, Greater Trochanter, Lesser Trochanter, Linea Aspera, Medial Condyle, Lateral Condyle, Patellar Surface Bones of the toes Bones of the back foot Bigger of the lower leg bones; Medial bone the "thigh"; Longest, strongest, and heaviest bone of the body; At an angle Smaller of the lower leg bones; Lateral bone 5 in total; named I-V from medial (big) to lateral (baby) Base & Apex 14 in total; 5 proximal, 4 middle, & 5 distal; numbered 1-5 from thumb to pinky - proximal & distal; numbered 2-4 from index to pinky - middle Medial Condyle, Lateral Condyle, Medial Malleolus, Fibular Notch Head, Lateral Malleolu 1 Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) 2 Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) 3 Collateral Ligaments 4 patellar ligament 5 Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) 6 quadricep tendon 7 menisci 8 Cruciate Ligaments 9 Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) 10 Knee from muscle to the patella (above knee) from patella to the tibial tuberosity (below knee) Stabilize the sides of the joint; LCL & MCL fibrocartilage pads between the femoral and tibial condyles Between lateral femur and fibula; Prevents hyperadduction (keeping it from moving too far medially) Between medial femur and tibia; Prevents hyperabduction (keeping it from moving too far laterally) stabilize the front and back of the tibiofemoral joint; ACL & PCL anterior, behind patella, crosses in front of PCL joint of femur, patella, tibia, fibula posterior, popliteal region
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