Matching Pairs Match authors midtermOnline version Match authors with concepts/terms/findings by Carlos Ponce 1 Cesare Lombroso 2 Stanley Cohen 3 Terrie Moffit 4 Eysenck 5 Enrico Ferri 6 Raffaele Garofalo 7 Sigmund Freud 8 Jeremy Bentham 9 Cesare Beccaria 10 George Rigakos 11 Erich Goode and Nachman Ben-Yehuda 12 Ray Jeffery 13 Travis Hirschi and Michael Hindelang Argued that humans are rational, free-willed actors and that their behaviour is governed by hedonistic (pleasure–pain) calculus. He maintained that punishment should be restricted only to amount required to achieve deterrence. The first to talk about “the born criminal” Proposed three models (grassroots, elite-engineered and interest group) and 5 five features to explain the emergence and development of moral panics. Founder of psychoanalysis, also referred to as the “psychodynamic approach” Used a combination of B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning and Edwin Sutherland’s differential association theory, to argue that if the reward for crime is high and the likelihood of punishment is low, the chances of criminal behaviour increase Low intelligence has an indirect effect over delinquency through poor school performance and the negative consequences associated with it later in life. Argued against secret accusations and use of torture, insisting accused individuals should have right to know their accusers and right to a fair trial Argued that criminal thinking was inherited. Favoured eugenics. Policing in Canada, private and public, has historically supported the accumulation and retention of capital, controlled potential threats to capitalism (putting down labour strikes, public protests). Identified 3 key personality traits: Extraversion (E), Neuroticism (N) and Psychoticism (P). Argues that we need examine two distinct types of offender to properly explain the age–crime curve: life-course persistent (LCP) offenders and adolescent-limited (AL) offenders Explored the relationship between media and moral panic in 1972 book, Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Mods and Rockers. His work popularized the term moral panics. He identified the media as a crucial factor in stirring up moral panic. Studied skulls and body types of prisoners and inmates confined to insane asylums, concluding that criminals were “atavistic” — they were degenerate, evolutionary throwbacks — and exhibited distinguishing features, like apes or Neanderthals — retreating foreheads, large ears, large jaws, long arms.
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