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PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

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Grammar explanation.

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Recommended age: 16 years old
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PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLEOnline version

Grammar explanation.

by Teresa de Jesus Arellano King
1

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

The present perfect simple tense is used to talk about apast time which has very strong meaning for the present.


The President has just been shot; the police are looking for the assassin.  Where's Jane? - She has gone out; if you run you can catch her. I have worked hard today and now I'm tired.  She has found a good job and she will start work next Monday.
2

DIFFERENT USES: 1

We use the present perfect simple tense

in several ways:

from the past to the present;

an event started in the past and

continues till now,

 possibly carrying on into the future:


1. I have lived here all my life.

2. She has known me for five years.

recent events, strongly affecting the present:

3. I have lost my wallet - quickly, call the police.

I have found it!

3

2. Headline news / Experiences

Headline news:

A train has crashed, killing 40 people.

Three men have climbed Mount Everest.


general experiences in life:

I have never seen such a fantastic sight.

Have you ever been to France?
4

Expected actions

with actions we are expecting to happen;

we often use this with yet:

Have you seen Bill yet?

He hasn't gone yet.

Often we will continue with the past simple

so we can specify the time when an event happened:

{present perfect} + {past simple}

My boss has just gone. She left five minutes ago.
5

Gone / Been

The verb go is used with two past participles,

 gone and been:

They have gone to Paris.

They have been to Paris.

In the first example they are not here now;

in the second they went and then returned.

We often use the present perfect with

recently, lately and just

to talk about something done very recently.

{have/has} + {recently/just/lately} + {past participle}

{have/has} + {past participle} ... {recently/lately}

I have just seen Bill.

They have recently got divorced.

I have been talking to John lately.

6

Affirmative statements

I You We            have        + Vp.p. They He She              has + Vp.p. itVp.p.= verb in past participle
7

Negative statements

I You We             haven’t + Vp.p. They He She             hasn’t + Vp.p. it
8

Interrogative statements

                                      I

                                      you

                      Have       we      +  Vp.p.  ?

                                     they


                  

                       Has        he          + Vp.p.  ?

                                     she

                                     it  

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