Translation and mutations

Froggy Jumps

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Ledezma Medrano Jesús Emiliano

Mexico

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Translation and mutations


Froggy Jumps Translation and mutationsOnline version Done by team 6 by Ledezma Medrano Jesús Emiliano 1 Consists of passing the passing from a language in terms of nucleotides to another language in terms of amino acids. a Transcription b Translation c Transexual 2 How is it called when there are three consecutive nucelotide bases? a Codon b Ribosome c Anticodon 3 Where does translation take place? a In the ribosome b In the mRNA c In the initiation phase 4 Select the correct characteristics of the large subunit a It has two binding sites for transfer DNA and a catalytic site b It has two binding sites for transfer mRNA and a catalytic site c It has two binding sites for transfer RNA and a catalytic site 5 What are the three phases of translation? a Initiation, elongation and termination. b Beggining, elongation and termination. c Replication, Transcription and Translation 6 This is the first step of initiation a Ribosome reads the mRNA chain b Mature mRNA leaves the nucleus and reaches the cytoplasm c tRNA 7 Codons are specific for... a DNA strand b Aminoacids c Enzymes 8 It is the stage in which begins when mRNA leaves the nucleus and reaches the cytoplasm where there are tRNA and ribosomal unit a Elongation b Mutation c Initiation 9 What is the genetic code a A table that represents the list of inherited traits b A table that represents each step of protein synthesis c A table that represents each codon as an aminoacid 10 These are the three exposed bases, which are complementary to the bases of a codon in messenger RNA a tRNAs b Anticodons c Peptic bond 11 This process begins when a ribosome is attached to messenger RNA molecules in the cytoplasm. a Termination b Translation c Elongation 12 At this part of Initiation, the major subunit joins the smaller one and constrains the mRNA in the middle. a Initiation complex b Aminoacid chain c Transfer RNA 13 What happens when a second tRNA arrives during the elongation phase? a The tRNA binds to the second site of the major subunit of the ribosome. b Its anticodon matches the corresponding codon of the mRNA. c It binds to the first site of the minor subunit of the ribosome 14 How is the peptide bond between amino acids formed? a The first amino acid is destroyed before binding to the new amino acid. b A peptide bond is formed between methionine and the new amino acid at the catalytic site. c The protein chain begins to lengthen with the addition of more amino acids. 15 What happens to the tRNA once it has been read? a It is released from the small subunit of the ribosome to allow new tRNAs to arrive. b It stays in the ribosome and continues to participate in synthesis. c The process continues until protein synthesis is complete. 16 What is the second phase of translation? a Initiation b Elongation c Termination 17 The termination occurs until the ribosome encounters a stop codon a False b True c I don't know 18 If your start codon is “AUG” what will be your anticodon? a GUA b UAG c UAC 19 This codon is paired with a release factor that facilitates an enzymatic reaction a Maybe b False c True 20 What is the final product of these processes? a A protein b An aminoacid c A DNA strand 21 What is a mutation? a Transformations that occur over time in an organism b A change in the sequence of an organism's DNA c A regression in the health of a living being 22 What are missense mutations? a The replacement of an aminoacid by antoher, causing it to be erroneously in synthesis protein. b Alteration that do not change the sense of protein synthesis. c The lack of an important aminoacid in the protein, that causes the protein synthesis to stop. 23 The nonsense mutations is the type of mutation where the alteration of a base doesn’t change the sense of protein coding, the protein doen’t continue to form and remains a True b False c Not sure 24 This type of mutations is characterized by a change of basis that doesn’t modify the function of the protein, despite the mutation. a Silent mutations. b Hidden mutations. c Nonsense mutations. 25 Who discovered the chemical mutagen? a George Huntington. b Watson and Crick. c Charlotte Auerbach and J.M. Robson. 26 What example can be a factor of genetic mutation? a Cigarette b Coca cola c Espapidifastico 27 What is a mutagenic agent or mutagen? a A genetic mutation that occurs naturally b An external agent that increases the rate of genetic mutations c A natural repair mechanism for genetic alterations 28 What type of virus contains RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material? a Bacteriophage b Retrovirus c Adenovirus 29 What enzyme does a retrovirus use to convert its RNA into DNA? a DNA polymerase b Reverse transcriptase c RNA ligase 30 Which of the following can be a cause of increased genetic mutations? a A lack of genetic information. b Only natural factors. c Mutagenic agents, which may be physical, biological, or chemical.

Translation and mutations

Froggy Jumps

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Translation and mutationsOnline version

by Ledezma Medrano Jesús Emiliano

Consists of passing the passing from a language in terms of nucleotides to another language in terms of amino acids.

How is it called when there are three consecutive nucelotide bases?

Where does translation take place?

Select the correct characteristics of the large subunit

What are the three phases of translation?

This is the first step of initiation

Codons are specific for...

It is the stage in which begins when mRNA leaves the nucleus and reaches the cytoplasm where there are tRNA and ribosomal unit

What is the genetic code

These are the three exposed bases, which are complementary to the bases of a codon in messenger RNA

This process begins when a ribosome is attached to messenger RNA molecules in the cytoplasm.

At this part of Initiation, the major subunit joins the smaller one and constrains the mRNA in the middle.

What happens when a second tRNA arrives during the elongation phase?

How is the peptide bond between amino acids formed?

What happens to the tRNA once it has been read?

What is the second phase of translation?

The termination occurs until the ribosome encounters a stop codon

If your start codon is “AUG” what will be your anticodon?

This codon is paired with a release factor that facilitates an enzymatic reaction

What is the final product of these processes?

What is a mutation?

What are missense mutations?

The nonsense mutations is the type of mutation where the alteration of a base doesn’t change the sense of protein coding, the protein doen’t continue to form and remains

This type of mutations is characterized by a change of basis that doesn’t modify the function of the protein, despite the mutation.

Who discovered the chemical mutagen?

What example can be a factor of genetic mutation?

What is a mutagenic agent or mutagen?

What type of virus contains RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material?

What enzyme does a retrovirus use to convert its RNA into DNA?

Which of the following can be a cause of increased genetic mutations?