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Earthquake Study Guide

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Earthquake Study Guide

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Earthquake Study Guide

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Earthquake Study GuideOnline version

Earthquake Study Guide

by Cheyenne
1

apart past pull slide stress bump into

These slowly moving plates each other , each other , or from each other . This causes much on the rocks .

2

fire of Pacific ring

The is an area bordering the Ocean where many earthquakes and volcanoes occur .

3

rises compression by Caused

? rocks move toward each other . The hanging wall relative to the footwall .

4

zones Subduction earthquakes boundaries transform

and results in movement along fault lines causing and volcanic eruptions .

5

Shearing Compression Tension

- rocks slide past each other .
- rocks move away from each other .
- rocks move together .

6

Seismogram Seismologist strength instrument duration

An that measures and records details of earthquakes .
Determines the and the of an earthquake .
? the record produced by the seismograph .
? a scientist who studies earthquake s

7

three quick earthquake

A movement along fault lines results in an . There are main types of faults .

8

tension by Caused

- rocks move away from each othe r

9

rocky brittle molten solid soli plastic

Crust ? outer layer
Mantle ? - like
Outer Core ?
Inner Core -

10

waves solid primary push First pull liquid

P Waves ( )
waves to arrive at the seismic station ( fastest )
Can move through the and layers of the earth
Considered a " body " wave
Shakes the ground back and forth ( / )

11

foot Hanging wal wall

moves downward relative to the

12

Caused horizontal direction shearing by

? rocks slide past each other . Rocks are displaced mainly in a , parallel to the fault lin e

13

pressure apart rip energy seismic

Occurs when the built up along a fault line becomes so great that the rocks on either side of the fault suddenly .
This pent - up pressure is released as .
Energy radiates out in the form of waves .

14

shaking violent aftershocks predict

This energy results in , which sometimes causes great destruction .
Small earthquakes happen frequently , but large ones are more rare and difficult to .
Smaller occur after the main eve n

15

side waves Slower and solid secondary dow side up to

S Waves ( )
than P Wave
Can move through the layers ( crust and mantle ) of the earth ? also a " body " wave
Moves rock particles or

16

time distance originate

A graph is sometimes used to determine either the or of seismic waves .
These type of graphs help scientists determine where earthquakes .

17

Two crust after damage destruction

Travel only through the
Arrive P and S Waves
Almost entirely responsible for the and of an earthquake .
types of Surface Waves

18

Epicenter Focus

? the point within the earth where the earthquake originates
? the point on the Earth ? s surface directly above the focus .

19

3 radius epicenter circle distance triangulation epicente Scientists 3

use a method called .
It takes seismographs to locate the .
You must determine the each station is from the earthquake and draw a around each using the distance as the
Where the circles intersect , is the

20

Scale release 32 10 energy Richter of 1

measures the strength or magnitude of an earthquake
Numbered from -
Each increase in magnitude is actually times greater in than the previous magnitud e

21

feel 12 see 1 Mercalli intensity and

Scale measures the or severity of an earthquake
Numbered from -
Describes what you might during an earthquake in addition to the type of destructio n

22

waves the 450 mph area under displaced seawater ocean coastal

A powerful series of generated by an earthquake or landslide
Huge amounts of are .
Can travel at an average of in open ocean
Can be very destructive to

23

reactors Nuclear 000 off shore 15 killed

More than ,
Earthquake - triggered a giant tsunami
were overwhelmed , creating new problems for people in the middle of destructio n

24

shelves communicating Falling under Emergency objects heavy

Kit
Determine a way of with family members
Attach to walls and put stuff on bottoms shelves
Get doorways or outside away from buildings
are the killer s

25

no boundaries Animals predict earthquakes plate areas

Currently , there is way to an earthquake
Scientists can identify most likely to experience earthquakes ( close to )
seems to have a sixth sense in predicting , but that hasn ? t been scientifically prove n

26

crust plates

Recall that the Earth's is broken into large pieces called .

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