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Describe the role of the factors below in inhibiting clot formation

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Describe the role of the factors below in inhibiting clot formation

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Test your knowledge on the processes involved in secondary hemostasis.

Created by

Gawain
Gawain
United States

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Describe the role of the factors below in inhibiting clot formation
 

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Describe the role of the factors below in inhibiting clot formationOnline version

Test your knowledge on the processes involved in secondary hemostasis.

by Gawain
1

10 XIa XIIa Xa Xa Heparin Describe Thrombin IXa XIa Thrombin

the role of the factors below in inhibiting clot formation :

Antithrombin :
A serine protease inhibitor ( SERPIN )
Neutralizes along with Factors , , , & ( serine proteases )
Effectively stops Factors and
Works synergistically with
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor ( TFPI )
Initial Binding
TFPI first binds to Factor ( Factor activated ) .
This binding causes a conformational change in TFPI that is necessary for its full inhibitory function .

2

7 inhibits Factor V thrombin Tissue X Factor prothrombin X

Formation of TFPI - FXa Complex
Once bound to FXa , the TFPI - FXa complex can then prevent from binding to Factor .
This further activation of .
Factor + Factor = prothrombinase complex ( activates ? )

3

VII FXa extrinsic FXa

Net Effect of TFPI
Prevents overactivation of the coagulation cascade by shutting down the pathway once a sufficient amount of has been generated .
Ensures that Factor is not inappropriately activated in areas where it's not needed , keeping the coagulation localized to the site of injury .


Why This Is Important
TFPI controls the spread of coagulation , ensuring that Tissue Factor activity is limited to the injury site .
This prevents systemic coagulation , which could otherwise lead to thrombotic complications .
TFPI acts as a negative feedback regulator , but only after some has been formed ? allowing for initial clotting at the injury site while preventing excessive or systemic clot formation .

4

anticoagulant S APC C S APC Xa C VIIIa procoagulant S APC Va Va APC

Protein C and S system
Thrombin ( Factor IIa ) Formation
Generated from prothrombin via the prothrombinase complex ( + ) .


Thrombin Binds Thrombomodulin
On intact endothelial cells , thrombomodulin binds to thrombin , creating Thrombomodulin - thrombin complex
This alters thrombin ? s function from a ( promotes blood clotting ) to an ( prevent blood clots from forming )


Activation of Protein
Thrombin ? thrombomodulin complex activates Protein zymogen ( ) .


Binds Protein
Together , they form the ? Protein complex .


Inactivation of Labile Factors
The ? Protein complex inactivates :
Factor
Factor
This slows thrombin generation and the overall clotting cascad e

5

C4bBP S C4bBP S not functional C4bBP

before protein , binds to APC , it is bound to complement proteins ( ) making it .

increases during inflammation ( it's an acute phase reactant ) .

More ? more Protein bound and inactive ? less APC ? Protein S complex activity .

So a patient in an acute inflammatory state can have reduced protein S activit y

 
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