Cells: DNA flashcards

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Covers SACE Stage 2 Biology Cells unit

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Rachel Morris

Australia

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Cells: DNA flashcards


Froggy Jumps Cells: DNA flashcardsOnline version Covers SACE Stage 2 Biology Cells unit by Rachel Morris 1 what is the "cell"? a the structural and functional unit of living things b a collection of cells of the same type c makes up most organisms 2 what is the "tissue"? a makes up muscles b a collection of cells of the same type c consisting of phospholipids and proteins 3 what is the "cell membrane"? a an organism that protects the tissue b an organism that consists of a single cell c a structure consisting of phospholipids and proteins which surrounds the cell 4 define "uni-cellular" a an organism that only consists of a single cell b an organism consisting on thousands or millions of cells c an organism that consists of tens or hundreds of cells 5 define "multi-cellular" a an organism consisting only of a single cell b an organism consisting of tens or hundreds of cells c an organism consisting of thousands or millions of cells 6 what is the "chloroplast"? a single membrane, an organelle which contains and controls solutions in cells b double membrane, stacks of flattened membranes, plants containing are able to conduct photosynthesis c cells that are small and do not have a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles 7 define the "vacuole" a single membrane, an organelle which contains and controls solutions in cells b double membrane, stacks of flattened membranes c single membrane, located in phospholipid bilayer of the cell 8 what is a "prokaryote"? a a network of membranes which make and transport materials throughout the cell b a process by which food is broken down into a cell to release energy c cells that are small and do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles 9 define "endoplasmic reticulum" a flattened membrane sacs, receives vesicles containing secretory proteins and packages into vesicles b a network of membranes which make and transport materials throughout the cell c cells that are small and do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles 10 what is "respiration" a a process by which food is broken down into a cell to release energy for other processs b a process by which solutes may be pumped across the cell membrane requiring energy c a process by which particles become distributed from a high to low concentration gradient 11 define "golgi body" a both, double membrane, folded inner membrane, contains the enzymes necessary for aerobic respiration b a very thin transparent structure which encloses the contents of the cell c both, flattened membrane sacs, receives vesicles with secretory proteins and packages into vesicles 12 what is the "mitochondrion"? a both, flattened membrane sacs, receives vesicles with secretory proteins and packages into vesicles b both, double membrane, folded inner membrane, contains the enzymes necessary for aerobic respiration c single membrane, an organelle which contains and controls solutions in cells 13 define "plasma membrane" a a very thin transparent structure which encloses the contents of the cell b both, double membrane, folded inner membrane, contains the enzymes necessary for aerobic respiration c a process by which food is broken down in a cell to release energy for other processes 14 what is "active transport"? a a process by which solutes may be pumped across the cell membrane requiring energy b process where particles are distributed throughout the space available, high to low, no atp needed c the diffusion of water through a membrane so as to equalize concentration on either side 15 define "osmosis" a the diffusion of water through a membrane so as to equalize concentration on either side b process where particles are distributed throughout the space available, high to low, no atp needed c process by which large materials more throught the cell membrane to form vesicles 16 what is "endocytosis"? a process by which large materials more throught the cell membrane to form vesicles b process by which large particles move out of the cell c movement of small drops of liquid into a cell 17 what is "exocytosis"? a process by which large materials more throught the cell membrane to form vesicles b process by which large particles move out of the cell c movement of small drops of liquid into a cell 18 what is "pinocytosis"? a process by which large materials more throught the cell membrane to form vesicles b process by which large particles move out of the cell c movement of small drops of liquid into a cell 19 what is "phagocytosis? a movement of larger (solid) particles into a cell b movement of small drops of liquid into a cell c process by which large particles move out of the cell 20 what is a "receptor molecule"? a a very thin transparent strucutre which encloses the contents of the cell b a process by which food is broken down in a cell to release energy for other processes c Receptors are membrane proteins that detect stimuli and trigger internal cell responses. 21 define "semi-permeable" a a membrane which will allow some materials to pass through but not others b the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent c two solutions with the same solute concentration 22 define "concentration" a the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent b two solutions with the same solute concentration c a solution with a higher solute concentration 23 define "isotonic" a a solution with a higher solute concentration b two solutions with the same solute concentration c a solution with a lower solute concentration 24 define "hypertonic" a a solution with a higher solute concentration b a solution with a lower solute concentration c two solutions with the same solute concentration 25 define "hypotonic" a a solution with a higher solute concentration b a solution with a lower solute concentration c two solutions with the same solute concentration 26 define "turgid" a a solution with a lower solute concentration b a cell which has lost water and is limp c a cell which has gained water and is swollen 27 define "flaccid" a a solution with a lower solute concentration b a cell which has lost water and is limp c a cell which has gained water and is swollen 28 what is "plasmolysis"? a process by which the cytoplasm of the cell shrinks becuase it has lost water b rate of demand of raw materials and how much heat/waste is produced c the rate at which a cell can exchange materials and remove heat/waste 29 define "volume" a process by which the cytoplasm of the cell shrinks becuase it has lost water b rate of demand of raw materials and how much heat/waste is produced c the rate at which a cell can exchange materials and remove heat/waste 30 define "surface area" a process by which the cytoplasm of the cell shrinks becuase it has lost water b rate of demand of raw materials and how much heat/waste is produced c the rate at which a cell can exchange materials and remove heat/waste 31 what is the photosynthesis worded equation? a carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen b carbon dioxide = glucose + atp c lactic acid = carbon dioxide + water 32 what is the photosynthesis chemical symbol equation? a 6co2 + 6h20 --> c6h12o6 + 6o2 b c6h12o6 -> 2c3h6o3 + energy c c6h12o6 --> 2c2h5oh + 2co2 + 2 atp 33 what is the aerobic respiration chemical symbol equation? a 6co2 + 6h20 --> c6h12o6 + 6o2 b c6h12o6 + 6o2 --> 6co2 + 6h20 c c6h12o6 --> 2c2h5oh + 2co2 + 2 atp 34 what is the lactic acid chemical symbol equation? a 6co2 + 6h20 --> c6h12o6 + 6o2 b c6h12o6 -> 2c3h6o3 + energy c c6h12o6 --> 2c2h5oh + 2co2 + 2 atp 35 what is the ethanol chemical symbol equation? a 6co2 + 6h20 --> c6h12o6 + 6o2 b c6h12o6 -> 2c3h6o3 + energy c c6h12o6 --> 2c2h5oh + 2co2 + 2 atp 36 what is the alcohol chemical symbol equation? a c6h12o6 → 2c2h5oh + 2co2 b c6h12o6 -> 2c3h6o3 + energy c c6h12o6 --> 2c2h5oh + 2co2 + 2 atp 37 define "prophase" a Nuclear membrane disolves DNA condenses to identical chromatid pairs spindle forms from cytoskeleton b the chromatid pairs are moved to the spindle equator by the cytoskeleton c spindle is broken down, chromosomes in nuclear membrane 38 define "metaphase" a Nuclear membrane disolves DNA condenses to identical chromatid pairs spindle forms from cytoskeleton b the chromatid pairs are moved to the spindle equator by the cytoskeleton c spindle is broken down, chromosomes in nuclear membrane 39 define "telophase" a Nuclear membrane disolves DNA condenses to identical chromatid pairs spindle forms from cytoskeleton b the chromatid pairs are moved to the spindle equator by the cytoskeleton c spindle is broken down, chromosomes in nuclear membrane 40 define "anaphase" a Nuclear membrane disolves DNA condenses to identical chromatid pairs spindle forms from cytoskeleton b the chromatid pairs are moved to the spindle equator by the cytoskeleton c Spindle fibers separate chromatid pairs and move identical daughter chromosomes to spindle poles. 41 define "cytokinesis" a Nuclear membrane disolves DNA condenses to identical chromatid pairs spindle forms from cytoskeleton b division of the cytoplasm c Spindle fibers separate chromatid pairs and move identical daughter chromosomes to spindle poles. 42 define "G1" a cell produces gene products by carrying out protein synthesis b assesses whether the cell should divide go ahead triggers DNA replication c DNA replication takes place - 2 DNA 43 define "G1 checkpoint" a cell produces gene products by carrying out protein synthesis b assesses whether the cell should divide go ahead triggers DNA replication c DNA replication takes place - 2 DNA 44 define "S phase" a cell produces gene products by carrying out protein synthesis b assesses whether the cell should divide go ahead triggers DNA replication c DNA replication takes place - 2 DNA 45 define "G2" a asses if DNA replication has occured, go ahead signal triggers mitosis b during which the cells grows and makes final preparations for cell division c assesses if DNA replication occurred correctly, go ahead signal triggers the completion of mitosis 46 define "G2 checkpoint" a asses if DNA replication has occured, go ahead signal triggers mitosis b during which the cells grows and makes final preparations for cell division c assesses if DNA replication occurred correctly, go ahead signal triggers the completion of mitosis 47 define "M checkpoint" a asses if DNA replication has occured, go ahead signal triggers mitosis b during which the cells grows and makes final preparations for cell division c assesses if DNA replication occurred correctly, go ahead signal triggers the completion of mitosis 48 define "endosymbiotic events" a Mutual benefit evolves as a larger cell engulfs a smaller cell which continues to function b assesses if DNA replication occured correctly, go ahead signal tiggers the completion of mitosis c asses if DNA replication has occurred, go ahead signal triggers mitosis

Cells: DNA flashcards

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Cells: DNA flashcardsOnline version

by Rachel Morris

what is the "cell"?

what is the "tissue"?

what is the "cell membrane"?

define "uni-cellular"

define "multi-cellular"

what is the "chloroplast"?

define the "vacuole"

what is a "prokaryote"?

define "endoplasmic reticulum"

what is "respiration"

define "golgi body"

what is the "mitochondrion"?

define "plasma membrane"

what is "active transport"?

define "osmosis"

what is "endocytosis"?

what is "exocytosis"?

what is "pinocytosis"?

what is "phagocytosis?

what is a "receptor molecule"?

define "semi-permeable"

define "concentration"

define "isotonic"

define "hypertonic"

define "hypotonic"

define "turgid"

define "flaccid"

what is "plasmolysis"?

define "volume"

define "surface area"

what is the photosynthesis worded equation?

what is the photosynthesis chemical symbol equation?

what is the aerobic respiration chemical symbol equation?

what is the lactic acid chemical symbol equation?

what is the ethanol chemical symbol equation?

what is the alcohol chemical symbol equation?

define "prophase"

define "metaphase"

define "telophase"

define "anaphase"

define "cytokinesis"

define "G1"

define "G1 checkpoint"

define "S phase"

define "G2"

define "G2 checkpoint"

define "M checkpoint"

define "endosymbiotic events"