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SECTION 4: SOFTWARE

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About this activity

KEYWORDS - SYSTEM AND APPLICATIONS - OS - UTILITIES

Created by

Jonathan Dunsby
Jonathan Dunsby
Singapore

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SECTION 4: SOFTWARE
 

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SECTION 4: SOFTWAREOnline version

KEYWORDS - SYSTEM AND APPLICATIONS - OS - UTILITIES

by Jonathan Dunsby
1

operation hardware human allocation resources programs interface software platform manage hardware run

System Software :
» set of to control and the of computer
» provides a on which other can run
» required to allow and software to without problems
» provides a computer ( HCI )
» controls the and usage of hardware .

2

single user user specific execute resources computer suite require various

APPLICATION SOFTWARE :

» used to perform applications ( apps ) on a
» allows a to perform tasks using the computer ? s
» may be a program ( for example , NotePad ) or a of programs ( for example , Microsoft Office )
» can the software as and when they .

3

allow specific APPLICATION user tasks

SOFTWARE : these are programs that the to do .

4

SYSTEM allow hardware user run programs communicate

SOFTWARE : these are that allow the to properly and the to with the compute r

5

initiated up run background virus Utility repair defragmentation system contents management compression user virus

Utility programs are often by the , but some , notably checkers , often just in the without the need for any user input . programs offered by most computer software include :
» checkers
» software
» disk analysis and
» file and file
» back - software
» security
» screensavers .

6

programs constantly background infected virus deletion Running user attacks quarantine virus decision

anti - software in the on a computer will check for virus . Although various types of anti - virus software work in different ways they all have the following common features :

» any possible files or which are are put into which :
? allows the to be automatically deleted , or
? allows the to make the about ( it is possible that the user knows that the file or program is not infected by a virus ? this is known as a false positive and is one of the drawbacks of anti - virus software )

7

software virus database run compares virus files behavior check checking

» They software or before they are or loaded on a computer
» Anti - virus software a possible against a of known viruses
» They carry out heuristic ? this is the checking of software for types of that could indicate a possible ; this is useful if is infected by a virus not yet on the database .

8

date scan constantly dormant new week

» Anti - virus software needs to be kept up to since viruses are being discovered
» Full system checks need to be carried out once a , for example , since some viruses lie and would only be picked up by this full system .

9

scattered sectors slower full consequence movements

As a HDD becomes , blocks used for files will become all over the disk surface ( in potentially different and tracks as well as different surfaces ) . This will happen because files will become deleted , partially - deleted , extended and so on over time . The of this is data access time ; the HDD read - write head will now require several just to find and retrieve the data making up the required file .

10

movements reducing SSDs problem

It would obviously be advantageous if files could be stored in contiguous sectors considerably HDD head . ( Note that due to the different operation of when accessing data , this is not a when using solid state devices . )

11

fill blocks scattered contiguous Sectors surfaces defragmenter space

Files become more and more throughout disk over time due to use . eventually become used if the disk starts to up and it has to use up whatever is available . A disk will rearrange the of data to store files in sectors wherever possible .

12

files recovered lost restore recovered automatically utility point back earlier

The Microsoft Windows environment offers the following facilities using the back - up :
» data , files or the computer from the - up ( useful if there has been a problem and files have been and need to be )
» create a restore ( this is basically a kind of ? time machine ? where your computer can be restored to its state at this point in time ; this can be very useful if a very important file has been deleted and can ? t be by any of the other utilities )
» options of where to save back - up ; this can be set up from the utility to ensure files are backed up to a chosen device .

13

locked unused out security extra automatically

Screensavers are used as part of the computer ? s system . If a computer is for five minutes , for example , and hasn ? t been logged ,
this will trigger the screensaver to be loaded . The computer user will then be logged out and a screensaver will indicate that the computer is now . This gives an layer of security for computers used in an office environment .

14

driver unable device translate communicate recognized

Device drivers are software that with the operating system and data into a format understood by a hardware peripheral . Without device drivers , a hardware device would be to work with a computer ? a message such as ? device not ? would appear on the screen . As soon as a device is plugged into a USB port ( for example , a memory stick , printer or camera ) , the operating system looks for the appropriate device .

 
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