Charge, Current & Circuits Quiz

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Test your basics on electricity

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Precious

United Kingdom

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Charge, Current & Circuits Quiz


Froggy Jumps Charge, Current & Circuits QuizOnline version Test your basics on electricity by Precious 1 What is electrical current measured in? a ohms (Ω) b volts (V) c amperes (A) 2 Define charge and give its unit. a Charge is energy; unit joules (J). b Charge is power; unit watts (W). c Charge is the property of matter that causes electrical interactions; unit coulombs (C). 3 Explain the relationship between charge, current and time. a I = Q t b Q = I t c t = I Q 4 A current of 3 A flows for 10 seconds. Calculate the charge transferred. a Q = I t = 13 C b Q = I t = 3 C c Q = I t = 30 C 5 Explain what is meant by “conventional current”. a Flow of negative charges from - to + b Flow of positive charges from + to - c Flow of electrons from + to - 6 Describe how electrons move in a metal conductor. a Electrons move from positive to negative along the conductor b Electrons do not move; current is imaginary c Electrons drift opposite to current, from negative to positive 7 State two electrical circuit components that are used to control current. a resistor and fuse b battery and wire c lamp and capacitor 8 Why does current decrease as resistance increases in a circuit? a Voltage increases with resistance to keep current constant b I = R/V so higher R raises I c I = V/R so higher R lowers I 9 What happens to current when voltage is increased while resistance stays the same? a Current decreases b Current stays the same c Current increases proportionally 10 Describe if you cannot draw: Draw and label a simple series circuit containing a cell, lamp and resistor. a A cell, lamp and resistor connected in a single loop in series b Only a cell and wire with no load in parallel c All components in parallel without a loop 11 Define resistance and give the unit. a R = V/I; unit ohm (Ω) b R = I/V; unit volt (V) c R = P/I; unit watt (W) 12 Write the equation linking voltage, current and resistance. a V = I R b I = V / P c P = V I 13 A current of 0.4 A flows through a 20 Ω resistor. Calculate the potential difference. a V = I R = 800 V b V = I R = 8 V c V = I R = 0.008 V 14 Describe how the resistance of a wire depends on its length. a Longer wire higher resistance b Resistance independent of length c Longer wire lower resistance 15 Explain what happens to resistance when the thickness of a wire increases. a Thicker wire raises resistance b Thicker wire lowers resistance c Resistance unchanged 16 Why do resistors get hot during use? a Power dissipated as heat: P = I^2 R b Heat from chemical reaction c Resistance absorbs heat from air only 17 Describe how to measure resistance using a voltmeter and ammeter. a R = I / V without measurements b Measure V across component and I through it; R = V / I c Connect voltmeter in series and ammeter in parallel 18 A component has a voltage of 12 V and a current of 3 A. Is it ohmic? Explain. a Cannot determine without temperature b No, because V changes with I c Yes, V/I = 4 Ω constant 19 Explain why a filament lamp is non-ohmic. a Resistance is constant regardless of temperature b Lamp is superconductive c Resistance changes with temperature as it heats 20 Sketch the IV graph for a resistor at constant temperature. (Describe if needed) a Curved line with changing slope b Straight line through origin with constant slope V vs I c Horizontal line 21 Describe how current behaves in a series circuit. a Current increases along the loop b Current is zero everywhere c Current is the same through all components 22 Describe how potential difference behaves in a series circuit. a Total V is shared; each component has a different V b All components have the same V c Total V is constant across all components 23 Three resistors are in series. Explain how the total resistance is calculated. a R_total = (R1 R2 R3) / (sum) b R_total = 1/(1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3) c R_total = R1 + R2 + R3 24 Describe how current behaves in a parallel circuit. a Current splits between branches; I_total = sum of branch I b No current in other branches c Current is the same in all branches 25 Describe how potential difference behaves in a parallel circuit. a PD varies between branches b PD is zero in some branches c PD is the same across all branches 26 A circuit has two identical lamps in series. What happens to brightness compared to a single lamp? a Brighter than single lamp b Same brightness as single lamp c Dimmer than single lamp 27 A circuit has two identical lamps in parallel. Explain why both are brighter than in series. a Each lamp gets full voltage; higher total current b Voltage divides; each gets less voltage c Only one lamp lights at a time 28 Why is wiring home circuits in parallel safer and more practical? a Total resistance becomes infinite b Current is the same in all branches c Devices get same voltage; independent operation 29 Explain what happens to total resistance when resistors are added in parallel. a Total resistance decreases b Total resistance increases c Total resistance stays the same 30 A 6 V battery is connected to two identical bulbs in parallel. What is the voltage across each bulb? a 3 V b 6 V c 12 V 31 Write the equation linking power, current and voltage. a P = V I b P = I^2 R c P = V / I 32 Write the equation linking power, current and resistance. a P = I^2 R b P = V I^2 c P = V^2 / R 33 A kettle uses 8 A at 230 V. Calculate the power. a P = 230/8 W b P = VI = 1840 W c P = 8/230 W 34 A device transfers 600 J of energy in 10 seconds. Calculate its power. a P = E t = 6000 W b P = E/t = 60 W c P = t/E = 0.0167 W 35 Write the equation linking energy, charge and voltage. a E = Q / V b E = V / Q c E = Q V 36 A battery supplies 3 C of charge at 6 V. Calculate the energy transferred. a E = Q / V = 0.5 J b E = V / Q = 2 J c E = Q V = 18 J 37 Explain why high current causes energy loss in cables. a Voltage drop is zero b I^2 R losses in the conductor c Energy loss only at transformers 38 Why does a fuse melt when current is too high? a I^2 R heating melts the fuse b Fuse melts due to chemical reaction only c Low voltage causes melting 39 Describe how circuit breakers work. a Increase current automatically b Detect fault/overcurrent and interrupt circuit c Store energy to release later 40 Give two advantages of circuit breakers over fuses. a Resettable; can handle repeated faults b Cheaper to replace c Always faster than fuses 41 Describe what the National Grid is. a A local neighborhood network b The high-voltage network that transmits electricity nationwide c A city's distribution substation only 42 Explain why electricity is transmitted at high voltage. a To increase current for speed b To require larger wires regardless c To reduce current and minimise energy loss 43 What does a transformer do? a Generates electricity b Stores electrical energy c Changes voltage between coils 44 Distinguish between step-up and step-down transformers. a Both decrease voltage b Step-up increases voltage; step-down decreases voltage c Both increase voltage 45 Write the transformer equation linking primary and secondary coils to voltage. a V_p/V_s = N_p/N_s b V_p+V_s = N_p+N_s c V_p V_s = N_p N_s 46 Explain why the National Grid reduces energy loss. a By using high voltage to reduce current for same power b By using low voltage to reduce heat c By increasing current everywhere 47 Why does increasing the number of coils increase the induced voltage? a Voltage is independent of turns b Fewer turns induce more voltage c More turns in the coil induce more voltage 48 Describe the role of pylons and insulators in the National Grid. a Store charge; insulators conduct electricity b Make lines bendable for maintenance c Support lines; insulators prevent current leaking to ground 49 Explain how a transformer reduces the current in transmission cables. a By stepping down voltage; current increases b By stepping up voltage, current decreases for same power c No effect on current 50 Describe how a transformer uses electromagnetic induction. a Voltage is produced by chemical reaction b Direct current heats the windings c Changing magnetic flux induces voltage in secondary coil

Charge, Current & Circuits Quiz

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Charge, Current & Circuits QuizOnline version

by Precious

What is electrical current measured in?

Define charge and give its unit.

Explain the relationship between charge, current and time.

A current of 3 A flows for 10 seconds. Calculate the charge transferred.

Explain what is meant by “conventional current”.

Describe how electrons move in a metal conductor.

State two electrical circuit components that are used to control current.

Why does current decrease as resistance increases in a circuit?

What happens to current when voltage is increased while resistance stays the same?

Describe if you cannot draw: Draw and label a simple series circuit containing a cell, lamp and resistor.

Define resistance and give the unit.

Write the equation linking voltage, current and resistance.

A current of 0.4 A flows through a 20 Ω resistor. Calculate the potential difference.

Describe how the resistance of a wire depends on its length.

Explain what happens to resistance when the thickness of a wire increases.

Why do resistors get hot during use?

Describe how to measure resistance using a voltmeter and ammeter.

A component has a voltage of 12 V and a current of 3 A. Is it ohmic? Explain.

Explain why a filament lamp is non-ohmic.

Sketch the IV graph for a resistor at constant temperature. (Describe if needed)

Describe how current behaves in a series circuit.

Describe how potential difference behaves in a series circuit.

Three resistors are in series. Explain how the total resistance is calculated.

Describe how current behaves in a parallel circuit.

Describe how potential difference behaves in a parallel circuit.

A circuit has two identical lamps in series. What happens to brightness compared to a single lamp?

A circuit has two identical lamps in parallel. Explain why both are brighter than in series.

Why is wiring home circuits in parallel safer and more practical?

Explain what happens to total resistance when resistors are added in parallel.

A 6 V battery is connected to two identical bulbs in parallel. What is the voltage across each bulb?

Write the equation linking power, current and voltage.

Write the equation linking power, current and resistance.

A kettle uses 8 A at 230 V. Calculate the power.

A device transfers 600 J of energy in 10 seconds. Calculate its power.

Write the equation linking energy, charge and voltage.

A battery supplies 3 C of charge at 6 V. Calculate the energy transferred.

Explain why high current causes energy loss in cables.

Why does a fuse melt when current is too high?

Describe how circuit breakers work.

Give two advantages of circuit breakers over fuses.

Describe what the National Grid is.

Explain why electricity is transmitted at high voltage.

What does a transformer do?

Distinguish between step-up and step-down transformers.

Write the transformer equation linking primary and secondary coils to voltage.

Explain why the National Grid reduces energy loss.

Why does increasing the number of coils increase the induced voltage?

Describe the role of pylons and insulators in the National Grid.

Explain how a transformer reduces the current in transmission cables.

Describe how a transformer uses electromagnetic induction.