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0478 SECTION 1 DATA REPRESENTATION

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Section 1.2 Text, Sound and Images

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0478 SECTION 1 DATA REPRESENTATION
 

Fill in the Blanks

0478 SECTION 1 DATA REPRESENTATIONOnline version

Section 1.2 Text, Sound and Images

by Jonathan Dunsby
1

The standard ASCII code set consists of 7 - bit codes ( 0 to 127 in or 00 to 7F in ) that represent the letters , and characters found on a standard , together with 32 control codes ( that use codes 0 to 31 ( denary ) or 00 to 19 ( hexadecimal ) ) .

2

Extended uses 8 - codes ( 0 to in denary or 0 to in hexadecimal ) . This gives another 128 codes to allow for characters in non - English and for some graphical characters to be included :

3

ASCII code has a number of . The main disadvantage is that it does not characters in non - Western , for example Chinese . For this reason , different of coding have been developed over the years .

4

One example of a coding system which was developed is called . Unicode can represent all of the world , thus supporting many systems , search and internet used globally .

5

Soundwaves are in the air . The human ear these vibrations and interprets them as sound . Each sound wave has a , wavelength and . The amplitude specifies the of the sound .

6

Sound waves vary . This means that sound is . Computers cannot work with analogue data , so sound waves need to be in order to be stored in a computer . Sampling means the amplitude of the sound wave . This is done using an analogue to converter ( ADC ) .

7

To the analogue to , the sound waves are sampled at regular time . The amplitude of the sound cannot be measured , so approximate are stored .

8

The number of per sample is known as the sampling ( also known as the bit ) . Sampling rate is the number of sound taken per second . This is measured in ( Hz ) , where 1Hz means ? one sample per ? .

9

Bitmap images are made up of ( picture elements ) ; an image is made up of a two - dimensional of pixels . Pixels can take different . Each pixel can be represented as a number , and so a bitmap image is stored in a computer as a series of binary .

10

The number of used to represent each colour is called the colour . An 8 bit colour depth means that each pixel can be one of 256 - Modern computers have a bit colour depth , which means over 16 different colours can be represented . Increasing colour depth also increases the of the when storing an image .

11

Image refers to the number of that make up an ; for example , an image could contain 4096 × 3072 pixels ( 12 582 912 pixels in total ) . The resolution can be varied on many cameras before taking , for example , a digital photograph . Photographs with a resolution have less than those with a higher .

12

The main drawback of using high resolution images is the in file . As the number of pixels used to represent the is increased , the of the file will also increase . This impacts on how many images can be on , for example , a hard drive . It also impacts on the time to an image from the internet or the time to images from device to device . A certain amount of in resolution of an image is possible before the loss of becomes noticeable .

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