Matching Pairs WW2 Study Sheet - 12/2025Online version WW2 Study Sheet - 12/2025 by ETHAN ZINK 1 Albert Einstein 2 How does WWI change the way people think about PSYCHOLOGY? 3 Darwinism 4 Atomic age 5 Sigmund Freud 6 How does WWI change the way people think about SCIENCE? 7 Birth of modern psychology 8 How does WWI change the way people think about HUMANS? 9 Typical reactions by humans to death 10 How does WWI change the way people think about WAR? 11 How does WWI change the way people think about LEADERS? Austrian neurologist, founder of psychoanalysis, explored unconscious mind, id/ego/superego. WWI revealed that it could be used as horrific weapons like poison gas, breeding ambivalence toward technology. shock, denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance WWI shattered pre-war optimism in human progress and rationality, revealing humanity's capacity for barbaric, industrialized mass destruction. WWI transformed war from heroic glory to futile, mechanized slaughter, eroding faith in its nobility and inevitability. Theory of evolution by natural selection—species evolve via variation, inheritance, and survival of the fittest. Post-WWII era starting 1945 with atomic bombs, marked by nuclear power promise, Cold War fear, and cultural optimism/terror. In 1879 when Wilhelm Wundt founded the first experimental lab in Leipzig. WWI showed trauma as a real psychological injury, legitimizing mental health issues and shifting psychology toward applied, trauma-focused science. WWI eroded trust in leaders, exposing their incompetence, deceit, and willingness to sacrifice millions in futile carnage. German-born physicist, developed relativity theories, E=mc², Nobel Prize 1921. 1 The Great Depression 2 Government debt growth 3 Hyperinflation 4 Buying on margin 5 The Great Crash 6 Colonialism 7 Hoovervilles 8 Dust Bowl 9 Reparations 10 Social Dariwinism 11 Globalization of economies Policy of powerful nations acquiring and dominating foreign territories for economic exploitation, settlement, and control. 1930s severe dust storms in US Great Plains from drought and poor farming, causing ecological disaster and mass migration. Shanty towns built by homeless during Great Depression (1930s), named mockingly after President Hoover, blamed for economic woes. Extreme rapid price rise. Integration of national economies via trade, investment, technology, and capital flows across borders. Increase in a government's total borrowed funds over time, often due to budget deficits, measured as rising debt-to-GDP ratio. 1929-1939 global economic crash after stock market collapse, causing mass unemployment, poverty, and bank failures Purchasing stocks with borrowed money from a broker, paying only a fraction upfront; amplifies gains/losses. 19th-century theory applying Darwin's "survival of the fittest" to society, justifying inequality, imperialism, and laissez-faire capitalism. The 1929 Wall Street stock market collapse, triggering the Great Depression and global economic crisis. Compensation paid by a defeated nation for war damages. 1 The Treaty of Versailles 2 League of Nations 3 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act (1930) 4 Allied powers 5 Battle of the Bulge 6 Pacifism 7 Axis powers 8 Personal debt growth 9 War Debt 10 Run on the banks 11 Standard of living gap Belief that war and violence are unjustifiable; promotes peace through nonviolent means and opposition to all conflict. Post-WWI loans from US to Allies for war costs, plus German reparations; caused economic strain in interwar era. US law raising tariffs on imports to protect farmers/industry, but worsened Great Depression via global trade war. WWII alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan (later others), opposing the Allies; formed by 1940 pacts. Mass panic withdrawals by depositors fearing bank failure, often worsening insolvency. Iconic in Great Depression. In WWII, US, UK, USSR, China vs Axis. The disparity in access to goods, services, and quality of life between rich and poor individuals or nations. First global organization to promote peace post-WWI; failed to prevent WWII, replaced by UN. Peace treaty ending WWI, imposed harsh terms on Germany, redrew maps, created League of Nations. Hitler's last major WWII offensive in Ardennes; Allies repelled despite surprise. Increase in household borrowing (mortgages, credit cards, loans) over time, fueling short-term economic expansion but risking slowdowns if excessive. 1 Blitzkrieg 2 Erwin Rommel 3 Emperor Hirohito 4 Final Solution 5 Hitler vs The Soviet Union 6 Fascism 7 Battle of Midway 8 D-Day 9 Black Shirts 10 Hiroshima 11 Brown Shirts Mussolini's fascist paramilitary in Italy, used violence to crush opponents and seize power. Far-right ideology exalting nation over individual, with dictatorial leader, ultranationalism, militarism, and suppression of opposition. WWII Eastern Front (1941-45), from Operation Barbarossa invasion to Soviet victory, bloodiest theater. Japanese city hit by first atomic bomb on Aug 6, 1945, killing ~140k; ended WWII, ushered nuclear era. Nickname for the SA (Sturmabteilung), Nazi paramilitary group; intimidated opponents, helped Hitler's rise, purged in 1934. June 6, 1944, Allied invasion of Normandy beaches in WWII, largest amphibious assault, turning point against Nazis. Japan's Shōwa Emperor, reigned 1926-1989; led during WWII, announced surrender in 1945. German field marshal, "Desert Fox" for North Africa tactics in WWII, forced suicide over plot suspicions. WWII German tactic using fast tanks, aircraft, and infantry for rapid, overwhelming breakthroughs. Decisive WWII naval battle where US forces sank 4 Japanese carriers, turning Pacific War tide. Nazi plan in WWII for systematic genocide of Jews, resulting in the Holocaust and 6 million deaths. 1 Normandy Invasion 2 Mein Kampf 3 Iwo Jima 4 League of Nations 5 Maginot Line 6 Mussolini 7 Nagasaki 8 Manchuria 9 Island hopping 10 Non-aggression Pact 11 Holocaust Volcanic Pacific island; site of fierce 1945 WWII battle where US Marines captured it from Japan, iconic flag-raising. Massive French defensive fortifications built 1930s along German border; bypassed by Nazis in 1940 WWII invasion. Adolf Hitler's 1925 autobiographical manifesto outlining his antisemitic ideology, Nazi goals, and plans for German dominance. Allied forces' massive amphibious assault on Nazi-occupied France, turning point in WWII. WWII US strategy in Pacific, bypassing strong Japanese islands to seize weaker ones closer to Japan. Nazi Germany's systematic genocide of 6 million Jews and millions others during WWII. Northeast China region; site of 1931 Japanese invasion, puppet state Manchukuo. Italian dictator, founder of Fascism, ruled 1922-1943, allied with Hitler in WWII. Post-WWI international body to promote peace and cooperation; failed due to weak enforcement, led to UN. Japanese city, site of second atomic bomb on Aug 9, 1945, killing ~70,000; now a vibrant port promoting peace. Nazi-Soviet pact of non-aggression, secretly dividing Eastern Europe; enabled WWII start. 1 Roosevelt 2 RAF 3 Patton 4 Pearl Harbor 5 Stalin 6 Totalitarian 7 Operation Overlord 8 V-J Day 9 Okinawa 10 Rhineland 11 The Nuremburg Trials Dec 7, 1941 Japanese surprise attack on US naval base in Hawaii, killing 2,403, prompting US entry into WWII. Victory over Japan Day, Aug 14/15, 1945, celebrating Japan's surrender, ending WWII with massive public joy. Royal Air Force, UK's aerial warfare force, founded 1918. Famous for Battle of Britain in WWII. U.S. Army general famed for bold tank warfare in WWII, leading Third Army across Europe. Southernmost Japanese prefecture, chain of subtropical islands known for unique Ryukyu culture, beaches, WWII history, and US bases. US President who led through Great Depression with New Deal and WWII. Soviet dictator 1924-1953, industrialized USSR, won WWII, responsible for millions of deaths in purges. Political system with absolute state control over all life aspects, one-party rule, no opposition, via propaganda/terror. Post-WWII Allied courts prosecuting Nazi leaders for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. WWII Allied invasion of Normandy on D-Day, largest amphibious assault, turning point in Europe. Demilitarized region along the Rhine River in western Germany, remilitarized by Hitler in 1936, violating Versailles Treaty. 1 DTR: August 9, 1945 2 V-E Day 3 DTR: June 6, 1944 4 DTR: May 8, 1945 5 Winston Churchill 6 DTR: September 27,1939 7 DTR: December 7,1941 8 5 Year Plan 9 DTR: August 6, 1945 10 DTR: August 15, 1945 DTR: Victory in Europe (VE) Day, marking Nazi Germany's surrender, end of WWII in Europe; massive celebrations worldwide. DTR: US drops "Fat Man" atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan, killing ~40,000 instantly; hastened WWII end. British PM during WWII, led UK to victory over Nazis, famed orator, Nobel in Literature. Victory in Europe Day, celebrating Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender, ending WWII in Europe. DTR: US dropped atomic bomb "Little Boy" on Hiroshima, killing ~70,000 instantly, ushering in nuclear era. DTR: Japan surrendered after atomic bombs, ending WWII. Global celebrations erupted. DTR: Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, killing 2,403 Americans, sinking battleships, and propelling the US into WWII. DTR: D-Day, Allied invasion of Normandy beaches in WWII, largest amphibious assault, turning point against Nazi Germany. DTR: Warsaw surrenders to Nazi Germany after intense bombardment in WWII invasion of Poland; 140,000 troops captured. Soviet central economic planning (1928+) under Stalin to rapidly industrialize via ambitious production targets.
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