Fill in the Blanks
Review stage 1 Biology in healthcare by Mr Alejandro Cruz
Living
organisms
vary
widely
,
yet
all
share
fundamental
that
define
life
.
These
include
organization
,
metabolism
and
the
capacity
to
maintain
internal
balance
through
.
This
balance
allows
organisms
to
survive
despite
external
.
Even
unicellular
organisms
can
perform
all
vital
,
which
is
why
they
are
considered
living
.
In
contrast
,
entities
such
as
viruses
depend
entirely
on
a
host
cell
to
,
making
their
classification
controversial
.
The
study
of
life
at
all
levels
is
known
as
,
a
science
essential
to
understanding
health
and
disease
.
The
invention
of
the
microscope
made
it
possible
to
observe
cells
,
which
are
the
basic
units
of
.
Robert
Hooke
described
cells
while
observing
cork
,
although
the
cells
were
.
Later
observations
by
Leeuwenhoek
revealed
microorganisms
.
The
cell
theory
states
that
all
organisms
are
composed
of
cells
and
that
new
cells
arise
from
cells
.
Cells
can
be
classified
as
prokaryotic
or
eukaryotic
depending
on
the
presence
of
a
.
In
multicellular
organisms
,
similar
cells
group
into
,
which
then
form
organs
and
.
At
the
cellular
level
,
substances
move
across
the
plasma
membrane
by
different
mechanisms
.
Diffusion
and
osmosis
are
considered
transport
processes
because
they
do
not
require
.
Osmosis
specifically
involves
the
movement
of
through
a
semi
-
permeable
membrane
.
In
contrast
,
active
transport
moves
substances
against
a
concentration
.
These
cellular
processes
are
essential
for
homeostasis
in
organisms
.
In
humans
,
systems
such
as
the
nervous
and
endocrine
systems
work
together
to
regulate
conditions
.
According
to
the
,
health
is
a
state
of
complete
physical
,
mental
and
social
well
-
being
.
During
,
individuals
experience
biological
and
social
changes
that
influence
future
health
.
factors
such
as
poor
diet
,
inactivity
and
early
pregnancy
can
have
long
-
term
effects
.
All
living
organisms
are
composed
of
,
which
are
the
basic
structural
and
functional
units
of
.
Cells
can
be
classified
into
two
main
types
:
prokaryotic
and
,
based
on
their
internal
organization
.
cells
are
generally
smaller
and
simpler
,
and
they
lack
a
-
bound
nucleus
.
Their
genetic
material
is
located
in
a
region
known
as
the
.
In
contrast
,
eukaryotic
cells
contain
a
nucleus
that
houses
DNA
and
allows
greater
control
of
cellular
activities
.
This
structural
difference
explains
why
eukaryotic
cells
are
usually
more
than
prokaryotic
cells
.
In
addition
to
the
,
eukaryotic
cells
contain
membrane
-
bound
organelles
such
as
mitochondria
,
endoplasmic
reticulum
and
Golgi
apparatus
,
which
allow
the
cell
to
perform
specialized
functions
.
Prokaryotic
cells
do
not
have
these
,
but
they
are
still
capable
of
carrying
out
life
processes
such
as
metabolism
and
reproduction
.
are
present
in
both
cell
types
and
are
responsible
for
synthesis
.
In
multicellular
eukaryotic
organisms
,
cells
differentiate
and
specialize
,
forming
and
organs
that
work
together
in
.
The
study
of
these
cellular
differences
is
essential
for
understanding
,
disease
and
many
processes
in
healthcare
and
.
Prokaryotic
cells
are
in
structure
but
highly
.
They
do
not
contain
a
;
instead
,
their
genetic
material
is
found
in
the
,
where
DNA
controls
cellular
.
The
plasma
regulates
the
movement
of
substances
into
and
out
of
the
cell
,
while
the
cell
provides
protection
and
structural
.
are
responsible
for
protein
and
allow
the
cell
to
carry
out
essential
processes
.
Some
prokaryotic
cells
possess
a
,
which
increases
protection
and
helps
the
cell
adhere
to
surfaces
,
and
,
which
enable
movement
in
liquid
environments
.
Eukaryotic
cells
are
more
and
contain
a
nucleus
that
stores
and
protects
.
The
are
responsible
for
producing
through
cellular
respiration
,
supplying
energy
for
cellular
activities
.
The
reticulum
is
involved
in
the
synthesis
and
transport
of
proteins
and
,
while
ribosomes
attached
to
it
synthesize
.
The
apparatus
modifies
,
packages
and
distributes
proteins
to
their
final
destinations
.
contain
digestive
enzymes
that
break
down
waste
materials
and
damaged
organelles
,
helping
maintain
cellular
.
Plant
eukaryotic
cells
contain
additional
that
support
their
specific
functions
.
carry
out
photosynthesis
,
converting
light
energy
into
energy
stored
as
glucose
.
The
central
stores
water
and
nutrients
and
helps
maintain
turgor
pressure
.
The
cell
provides
rigidity
and
protection
,
allowing
plants
to
maintain
their
.
Together
,
these
organelles
and
structures
allow
both
prokaryotic
and
eukaryotic
cells
to
survive
,
and
perform
the
functions
necessary
for
life
and
health
.
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